Kodi maukonde otulutsa madzi okhala ndi magawo atatu angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'nthaka yofewa?

Maziko a nthaka yofewa ali ndi makhalidwe monga kuchuluka kwa madzi, mphamvu yochepa yonyamula komanso kusinthasintha kosavuta, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kukhazikika kwa maziko. Ukonde wophatikizana wamitundu itatu ndi chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochotsa madzi muukadaulo. Ndiye kodi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochotsa madzi mu nthaka yofewa?

1. Makhalidwe a kapangidwe ka ukonde wothira madzi wopangidwa ndi magawo atatu

Ukonde wothira madzi wopangidwa ndi magawo atatu ndi mtundu watsopano wa zinthu za geotechnical zothira madzi zopangidwa ndi polyethylene yapamwamba kwambiri (HDPE) ngati zopangira ndipo zimakonzedwa ndi njira yapadera yopangira madzi. Uli ndi kapangidwe kapadera ka magawo atatu: nthiti zapakati zimakhala zolimba ndipo zimakonzedwa motalikirapo kuti zipange njira yothira madzi; nthiti zokonzedwa mopingasa mmwamba ndi pansi zimapanga chithandizo choteteza kuti geotextile isalowe mu njira yothira madzi. Kapangidwe kameneka kamathandiza kuti ukonde wothira madzi wopangidwa ndi magawo atatu ukhale ndi ntchito yabwino yothira madzi ngakhale atakhala ndi katundu wambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, geotextile yolumikizidwa mbali ziwiri imawonjezeranso magwiridwe ake onse oletsa kusefa, kutulutsa madzi, kupuma bwino komanso kuteteza.

2. Kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka ukonde wothira madzi wopangidwa ndi mbali zitatu pokonza maziko a nthaka yofewa

1. Kutulutsa madzi ndi kusakaniza: Kuyika ukonde wophatikizana wa magawo atatu m'nthaka yofewa kungapangitse njira yothandiza yotulutsira madzi kuti madzi omwe asonkhanitsidwa m'nthaka atuluke mwachangu. Kungachepetse kuchuluka kwa madzi m'nthaka, kufulumizitsa njira yolumikizira nthaka, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yonyamula madzi ndi kukhazikika kwa maziko.

2. Kuletsa kukwera kwa madzi a capillary: Nthawi zambiri pamakhala vuto la kukwera kwa madzi a capillary m'malo ofewa a nthaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinyezi cha maziko chiwonjezeke ndikukhudza mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa maziko. Ukonde wothira madzi wamitundu itatu ukhoza kuletsa kukwera kwa madzi a capillary, kusunga maziko ouma, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yonyamula madzi a maziko.

3. Kulimbitsa kukhazikika kwa maziko: Ukonde wophatikizana wa magawo atatu sumangokhala ndi ntchito yotulutsa madzi, komanso ukhoza kupanga kapangidwe kophatikizana ndi nthaka. Kudzera mu mgwirizano pakati pa nthaka ndi gridi, mphamvu yodula ndi mphamvu yonyamula nthaka zimawonjezeka. Kulimbitsa kumeneku kumatha kulimbitsa kukhazikika ndi chitetezo cha maziko.

III. Kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde otulutsa madzi okhala ndi miyeso itatu pokonza maziko a nthaka yofewa

Maukonde ophatikizana amitundu itatu angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza misewu ndi njira zotulutsira madzi. Pamene misewu yayamba kukalamba ndi kupangika ming'alu, madzi ambiri amvula amalowa m'gawolo. Panthawiyi, kuyika ukonde wophatikizana wamitundu itatu pansi pa msewu kungathe kusintha maziko otulutsira madzi, kusonkhanitsa ndi kutulutsa madzi, ndikuletsa madzi kulowa m'munsi. Pomanga zomangamanga zoyendera monga njanji ndi ngalande, maukonde ophatikizana amitundu itatu amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonza misewu ndi kukonza ngalande zamkati mwa khoma, zomwe zingathetse vuto la kusonkhana kwa madzi m'maziko ndikukweza kukhazikika ndi mphamvu yonyamula katundu wa nyumbayo.

Monga momwe taonera pamwambapa, ukonde wothira madzi wopangidwa ndi magawo atatu ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza maziko ofewa a nthaka. Ungathe kuthetsa vuto la madzi otuluka m'maziko ofewa a nthaka ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yonyamula madzi komanso kukhazikika kwa maziko.