Isiseko somhlaba othambileyo sineempawu zokuba namanzi amaninzi, amandla okuthwala aphantsi kunye nokuguquguquka okulula, nto leyo echaphazela kakhulu uzinzo lwesiseko. Inethi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo enamacala amathathu sisixhobo sokukhupha amanzi esisetyenziswa kakhulu kubunjineli. Ngoko ke ingasetyenziswa kwisiseko somhlaba othambileyo?
1. Iimpawu zesakhiwo senethi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo enamacala amathathu
Inethi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo enamacala amathathu luhlobo olutsha lwezinto zobuchwephesha bokukhupha amanzi ezenziwe nge-polyethylene enoxinano oluphezulu (i-HDPE) njengezinto eziluhlaza kwaye zicutshungulwa ngenkqubo ekhethekileyo yokubumba i-extrusion. Inesakhiwo esikhethekileyo esinamaleko amathathu: iimbambo eziphakathi ziqinile kwaye zilungelelaniswe ubude ukuze zenze umjelo wokukhupha amanzi; iimbambo ezicwangciswe ngokunqamlezayo phezulu nasezantsi zenza inkxaso yokuthintela ngempumelelo i-geotextile ekubeni ingene kumjelo wokukhupha amanzi. Esi sakhiwo senza inethi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo enamacala amathathu ukuba igcine ukusebenza okuphezulu kokukhupha amanzi nokuba iphantsi kwemithwalo ephezulu. Ukongeza, i-geotextile ebotshelelwe macala amabini iphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kwayo okubanzi kokuchasana nokuhluzwa, ukukhupha amanzi, ukuphefumla kunye nokukhusela.
2. Indlela yokusebenza kwenethi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo enamacala amathathu kunyango lwesiseko somhlaba esithambileyo
1. Isiphumo sokukhupha amanzi kunye nokudibanisa: ukubeka umnatha wokukhupha amanzi odibeneyo onemilinganiselo emithathu kwisiseko somhlaba othambileyo kunokwenza umjelo wokukhupha amanzi osebenzayo wokukhupha amanzi aqokelelweyo kwisiseko ngokukhawuleza. Kunganciphisa umxholo wamanzi kwisiseko, kukhawulezise inkqubo yokudibanisa umhlaba, kwaye kuphucule amandla okuthwala kunye nokuzinza kwesiseko.
2. Ukuthintela ukunyuka kwamanzi e-capillary: Kudla ngokubakho ingxaki yokunyuka kwamanzi e-capillary kwiindawo zomhlaba othambileyo, nto leyo eya kubangela ukuba ukufuma kwesiseko kwande kwaye kuchaphazele amandla kunye nokuzinza kwesiseko. Inethi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo enamacala amathathu inokuthintela ukunyuka kwamanzi e-capillary, igcine isiseko somile, kwaye iphucule amandla okuthwala esiseko.
3. Ukuphucula uzinzo lwesiseko: Inethi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo enamacala amathathu ayinamsebenzi wokukhupha amanzi kuphela, kodwa inokwenza nesakhiwo esidityanisiweyo nomhlaba. Ngokusebenzisana komhlaba kunye negridi, amandla okucheba kunye nomthamo wokuthwala womhlaba ziyanda. Esi siphumo sokuphucula ukuhlanganiswa sinokuphucula uzinzo kunye nokhuseleko lwesiseko ngokubanzi.
III. Ukusetyenziswa kweminatha yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo enamacala amathathu ekunyangweni kwesiseko somhlaba esithambileyo
Iinethi zokukhupha amanzi ezidityanisiweyo ezinobukhulu obuthathu zingasetyenziswa ekugcinweni kwendlela nakwiinkqubo zokukhupha amanzi. Xa indlela ikhula kwaye iqhekeka, uninzi lwamanzi emvula luya kungena kwicandelo. Ngeli xesha, ukubeka inethi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo enobukhulu obuthathu ngqo phantsi komphezulu wendlela kunokutshintsha isiseko sokukhupha amanzi, kuqokelelwe kwaye kukhutshwe amanzi, kwaye kuthintelwe amanzi ukuba angangeni kwisiseko/kwisiseko esingaphantsi komhlaba. Ekwakhiweni kweziseko zothutho ezifana noololiwe kunye neetonela, iinethi zokukhupha amanzi ezidityanisiweyo ezinobukhulu obuthathu zikwasetyenziswa rhoqo ekulungisweni kwendlela kunye nokulungiswa kokukhupha amanzi ngaphakathi kwitonela, oku kunokusombulula ingxaki yokuqokelelwa kwamanzi kwisiseko kwaye kuphuculwe uzinzo kunye nomthamo wokuthwala wesakhiwo.
Njengoko kunokubonwa koku kungasentla, inethi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo enamacala amathathu ingasetyenziswa ekunyangweni kwesiseko somhlaba esithambileyo. Ingasombulula ingxaki yokukhupha amanzi kwiziseko zomhlaba ezithambileyo kwaye iphucule amandla okuthwala kunye nokuzinza kwesiseko.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-22-2025
