Ingasetyenziswa phi inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo enamacala amathathu

一. Isicelo sobunjineli beendlela

Kwinjineli yeendlela, inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo enamacala amathathu ingasetyenziswa ekukhupheni nasekuqiniseni iindlela ezinkulu, iindlela zasezidolophini, iindlela zeenqwelo moya kunye neendawo ezingaphantsi kweendlela zikaloliwe. Kwiindlela ezinkulu nakwiindlela zasezidolophini, inokukhuculula amanzi aphumayo kwindlela kunye namanzi angaphantsi komhlaba, ithintele ukuthamba kwendlela kunye nomonakalo wendlela, kwaye iphucule uzinzo lwendlela kunye nobomi benkonzo. Ukusebenza kokukhupha amanzi kwiindlela zeenqwelo moya kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba amanzi aqokelelweyo anokuchaphazela ukhuseleko lokusuka kunye nokufika kweenqwelo moya. Inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo enamacala amathathu inokususa ngokukhawuleza amanzi aqokelelweyo kwindlela, iqinisekise ukoma komphezulu wendlela kwaye iphucule ukhuseleko lokubhabha. Kwinjineli kaloliwe, inokususa amanzi emvula kunye namanzi angaphantsi komhlaba, ithintele ukuhlala phantsi kunye nokuguquguquka, kwaye iqinisekise ukusebenza okuzinzileyo nokukhuselekileyo koololiwe.

Isicelo kwiiprojekthi zolondolozo lwamanzi

Kwi-engineering yedama, inokuphelisa ukuvuza kwamanzi, inciphise uxinzelelo lwamanzi kwimingxuma ngaphakathi emzimbeni wedama, ithintele ukuvuza kwedama kunye nokuqhekeka kwedama, kwaye iphucule ukusebenza okuchasene nokuvuza kunye nokuzinza kwedama. Kwiiprojekthi zokulawula umlambo, ingasetyenziselwa ukukhusela ithambeka lomlambo kunye nokutsalwa kwamanzi ezantsi komlambo, iphucule uzinzo lokukhusela ithambeka kunye nokunciphisa ukukhukuliseka komhlaba. Kwiprojekthi yedama, inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo enamacala amathathu inokukhupha amanzi emvula kunye namanzi angaphantsi komhlaba, ithintele ukuvuza kwedama kunye nokudilika komhlaba kwindawo yedama, kwaye iqinisekise ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwedama.

Enye. Ukusetyenziswa kwiprojekthi zokukhusela okusingqongileyo kunye nonyango lwenkunkuma

Kwicandelo lokukhusela okusingqongileyo, inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo enamacala amathathu isetyenziswa kakhulu ekukhupheni amanzi kunye nokungaphumi kwamanzi kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma, kwiindawo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kunye namachibi emigodi. Kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma, inokukhupha amanzi amdaka ngokukhawuleza, inciphise amanqanaba amanzi kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma, ithintele ukuvuza kunye nongcoliseko lwendawo yokulahla inkunkuma, kwaye inciphise ungcoliseko kwindawo engqongileyo. Kwiindawo zokucoca amanzi amdaka, ingasetyenziselwa ukukhupha amanzi kunye nokungaphumi kwamanzi eetankini zokucoca amanzi amdaka. Kwindawo yokulahla inkunkuma yasemigodini, inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo enamacala amathathu inokuphelisa ngokukhawuleza ukuvuza kwamanzi echibini lemigodi, inciphise amanqanaba amanzi ngaphakathi kwidama lemigodi, ithintele ukuqhekeka kwedama lemigodi kunye nongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo, kwaye iqinisekise imveliso ekhuselekileyo yomgodi.

Usetyenziso kwezinye iindawo

Ukongeza kula masimi angentla, iinethiwekhi zokukhupha amanzi ezidityanisiweyo ezinthathu-ntathu zikwasetyenziswa kakhulu ekukhupheni amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba (ezifana nee-basement, ii-tunnels, njl.njl.), ekukhupheni amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba nakwigadi, ekunkcenkcesheleni kwezolimo, njl.njl. Kwizakhiwo ezingaphantsi komhlaba, iyakwazi ukukhupha amanzi ngokukhawuleza kwaye igcine isakhiwo esingaphantsi komhlaba somile kwaye singena umoya. Kwiigadi nakwiindawo zemidlalo, ukusetyenziswa kwenethi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo enthathu-ntathu kunokukhupha amanzi angaphezulu kwaye kuqinisekise ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kwendawo. Kwiinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela kwezolimo, ingasetyenziselwa ukukhuculula amanzi endle, ukunciphisa umxholo wetyuwa emhlabeni kunye nokuphucula ukuchuma komhlaba.

Ulwakhiwo kunye nemiba efuna ingqwalasela

Xa sakha inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo enamacala amathathu, kufuneka siqwalasele la manqaku alandelayo:

1. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yokwakha igudile kwaye icocekile ukuze kuthintelwe izinto ezibukhali ezonakalisa inethi yokukhupha amanzi;

2. Inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi kufuneka ibekwe kwaye ilungiswe ngokuchanekileyo ngokweemfuno zoyilo ukuqinisekisa isiphumo sokukhupha amanzi;

3. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakha, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okhuseleko ukuze kuthintelwe ukwenzakala.