Mu uinjiniya, netiweki yophatikizana yamadzi yokhala ndi magawo atatu Ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, chomwe chili ndi kapangidwe kapadera ka malo okhala ndi magawo atatu komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri otulutsa madzi.
1. Netiweki yotulutsira madzi ya miyeso itatu Ubwino wa
1、Kugwira bwino ntchito kwa madzi otuluka: Ukonde wothira madzi wopangidwa ndi ma polyethylene okwera kwambiri (HDPE) Monga zinthu zopangira, umakonzedwa m'njira zapadera. Kapangidwe kake ka malo a ma dimension atatu kamapereka njira zabwino zothira madzi, kotero ntchito yake yothira madzi ndi yabwino kwambiri kuposa ya zipangizo zachikhalidwe. Ili ndi mphamvu yothira madzi, mphamvu yokhazikika ya hydraulic nthawi yayitali, komanso mphamvu yosuntha ya masentimita 20-200 pa mphindi, zomwe zingafupikitse nthawi yothira madzi ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kumizidwa m'madzi pa maziko.
2、Kutha kwabwino kwambiri konyamula katundu: Ukonde wophatikizana wa magawo atatu sumangokhala ndi mphamvu yabwino yotulutsa madzi, komanso uli ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri yonyamula katundu. Kapangidwe kake ka maukonde ndi kolimba ndipo kamatha kupirira pafupifupi 3000 kPa. Katundu wopondereza amatha kusunga mphamvu yotulutsa madzi yokhazikika ngakhale pansi pa zovuta zolemera. Mphamvu yake yolimba komanso mphamvu yake yodula nayonso ndi yayikulu, ndipo ndi yoyenera mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yovuta ya geological.
3、Kulimba bwino komanso kukana nyengo: Ukonde wothira madzi wamitundu itatu umapangidwa ndi polyethylene yolimba kwambiri ndi zipangizo zina zapamwamba, zomwe sizimawononga dzimbiri, sizimalimbana ndi asidi ndi alkali, komanso sizimawonongeka, ndipo zimatha kugwira ntchito bwino m'malo osiyanasiyana ovuta. Uli ndi moyo wautali, umachepetsa nthawi yosinthira ndi kukonza, komanso umachepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
4、Kumanga kosavuta komanso kuchepetsa ndalama: Netiweki yophatikizana yamadzi yokhala ndi magawo atatu imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zozungulira, zomwe ndizosavuta kuyiyika ndikunyamula. Ndi yosavuta kumanga, imatha kufupikitsa nthawi yomanga ndikuchepetsa ndalama zomangira. Ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri otulutsa madzi, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa ntchito yokonza maziko ndikuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito zaukadaulo.
5、Kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri: Netiweki yophatikizana yamadzi yokhala ndi magawo atatu sikuti imangokhala ndi ntchito yotulutsa madzi, komanso ili ndi zinthu zambiri monga kuletsa kusefa, mpweya wabwino, komanso chitetezo. Nthiti zake zapamwamba komanso zapansi zimatha kuletsa geotextile kuti isalowe mu ngalande yotulutsira madzi, ndipo imatha kusunga mphamvu yotulutsa madzi kwa nthawi yayitali. Gawo lake lokwezedwa pakati lingathenso kupatula gawo la pansi ndi zinthu zophimba, zomwe zingachepetse mavuto monga kukwera kwa madzi m'mitsempha ndi kukhazikika kwa maziko.
2. Zoyipa za netiweki yotulutsira madzi yokhala ndi magawo atatu
1、Kulimba kofooka kwa kukana kuyika: Popeza makulidwe a ukonde wothira madzi wamitundu itatu ndi ochepa, mphamvu yake yokana kuyika ndi yofooka. Pakuyika, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti palibe zinthu zazikulu kwambiri zakuthwa pamwamba pa nthaka, kuti pamwamba pasapyole geomembrane yotsutsana ndi kutayikira madzi ndikukhudza mphamvu yonse yoletsa madzi kulowa.
2、Kuchepa kwa mphamvu yoyeretsera madzi: Pakakhala kuchuluka kwa madzi oyenda bwino, mphamvu yoletsa madzi ozungulira omwe ali ndi magawo atatu kupita ku zinthu zomwe zimapachikidwa mumadzi imachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madziwo asamayeretsedwe bwino. Chifukwa chake, ngati pakufunika kufunikira kwa madzi abwino, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi njira zina zoyeretsera madzi.
3、Zofunikira pa ntchito yomanga: Njira yomanga ndi zofunikira paukadaulo wa netiweki yotulutsa madzi yamitundu itatu ndi yayikulu. Akatswiri aluso amafunika kuti agwire ntchito, kuti atsimikizire kuti ntchito yomangayo ndi yabwino komanso kuti madzi atuluke. Chisamaliro chapadera chiyeneranso kuperekedwa ku tsatanetsatane panthawi yomanga, kuti apewe kusweka kapena kuwonongeka kwa netiweki yotulutsa madzi.
4、Ndalama zokwera zokonzera: Ngakhale kuti netiweki yotulutsira madzi yokhala ndi magawo atatu imakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yogwirira ntchito, ndikofunikira kuisamalira nthawi zonse ngati mukufuna kuonetsetsa kuti ikugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Ndalama zokonzera zimaphatikizapo ndalama zogwirira ntchito, ndalama zogulira zinthu ndi ndalama zogulira zida, zomwe zidzawonjezera ndalama zonse za polojekitiyi pamlingo winawake.
Kuchokera pamwambapa, zitha kuwoneka kuti netiweki yophatikizana yamadzi yokhala ndi magawo atatu ili ndi ubwino wokhala ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri yotulutsa madzi, mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yonyamula katundu, kulimba bwino komanso kukana nyengo, ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'magawo a uinjiniya wa zomangamanga, uinjiniya wa zachilengedwe ndi zomangamanga zoyendera. Komabe, zofooka zake monga mphamvu yofooka yolimbana ndi kutsekeka, mphamvu yochepa yoyeretsera madzi, zofunikira kwambiri pakupanga komanso ndalama zambiri zosamalira zimafunikanso kusamalidwa. Pakugwiritsa ntchito moyenera, ndikofunikira kusankha ndi kupanga moyenera malinga ndi zofunikira zina za uinjiniya ndi mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, kuti tipereke zabwino zake zonse ndikugonjetsa zofooka zake.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-27-2025
