1. Kapangidwe ka zinthu ndi mawonekedwe ake
1. Ukonde wothira madzi wophatikizika
Ukonde wophatikizana wothira madzi umapangidwa ndi ukonde wapulasitiki wa magawo atatu ndi geotextile yolowa madzi yolumikizidwa mbali zonse ziwiri. Chifukwa chake, uli ndi mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yoyendetsera madzi komanso mphamvu yotulutsira madzi. Ukonde wophatikizana wothira madzi umapangidwa ndi polyethylene yapamwamba kwambiri (HDPE) ngati zinthu zopangira, yokonzedwa ndi njira yapadera yopangira madzi, ndipo ili ndi kapangidwe kapadera ka magawo atatu. Nthiti zapakati zimakhala zolimba ndipo zimakonzedwa motalikirapo kuti zipange njira yotulutsira madzi; nthiti zokonzedwa mopingasa mmwamba ndi pansi zimapanga chithandizo choletsa geotextile kuti isalowe mu njira yotulutsira madzi, ndipo imatha kusunga ntchito yabwino kwambiri yotulutsira madzi ngakhale ikalemera kwambiri.
2. Mpando wotsekera madzi wa PCR
Mpando wotsekera madzi wa PCR seepage drainage ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posungira madzi m'makoma. Wapangidwa ndi zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri za polima ndipo uli ndi mawonekedwe apadera a mesh omwe amalola madzi kudutsa mwachangu, komanso amatha kutseka tinthu ta dothi kuti asakokoloke. Mpando wotsekera madzi wa PCR seepage drainage sumangokhala ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri yotsekera madzi, komanso umasunga nthaka bwino komanso umakhala wolimba. Zipangizo zake zimatha kubwezeretsedwanso ndipo zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito, mogwirizana ndi lingaliro la nyumba zamakono zobiriwira, zimatha kuchepetsa zinyalala zomangira ndikuteteza chilengedwe.
2. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Moyenera
1. Net Yothira Madzi Yophatikizana
Ukonde wophatikizana wa madzi uli ndi mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yotulutsa madzi komanso kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kake, ndipo nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapulojekiti otulutsa madzi monga misewu, milatho, kusamalira madzi, njanji, ngalande, uinjiniya wa boma, malo osungira madzi, ndi chitetezo cha malo otsetsereka. Ungathe kutulutsa madzi omwe asonkhana pakati pa maziko ndi pansi pa nthaka, kutseka madzi a capillary, ndipo ukhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi njira yotulutsira madzi m'mphepete kuti ufupikitse njira yotulutsira madzi ya maziko ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yothandizira komanso kukhazikika kwa maziko. Ukonde wophatikizana wa madzi ukhozanso kuletsa zinthu zazing'ono zochotsedwa kuti zisalowe pansi pa nthaka, kuchita gawo lodzipatula, komanso mwina kuchepetsa kuyenda kwa mbali ya pansi pa nthaka, potero kumawonjezera magwiridwe antchito onse a maziko.
2. PCR Seepage Drainage Net Mat
Mpando wa PCR Seepage Drainage Net Mat umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posunga madzi otuluka m'makoma, kuteteza misewu yotsetsereka, kutsitsa madzi m'njira ya sitima, kukongoletsa denga ndi kutsitsa madzi, mapulojekiti okonzanso zachilengedwe ndi mapulojekiti ena. Ungathe kuchepetsa madzi apansi panthaka mwachangu, kuchepetsa chinyezi cha nthaka, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya mabenchi ndi kukhazikika kwa maziko. Kapangidwe kake ka maukonde kangathe kutseka tinthu ta nthaka bwino pamene tikutulutsa madzi, kupewa kukokoloka kwa nthaka, ndikusunga bwino chilengedwe. Mpando wa PCR drainage ulinso ndi mpweya wabwino kwambiri wolowera, womwe umathandiza kusinthana kwa mpweya m'nthaka ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa zomera.
3. Ntchito yomanga ndi kukonza
1. Ukonde wothira madzi wophatikizika
Kapangidwe ka ukonde wothira madzi wopangidwa ndi guluu ndi kosavuta kudula ndi kuyika. Mukayika, onetsetsani kuti pamwamba pake pali posalala komanso palibe zinthu zakuthwa kuti musakhudze kulimba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwa ukonde wothira madzi. Maukonde othira madzi oyandikana nawo ayenera kulumikizidwa bwino kuti atsimikizire kuti madzi akuyenda bwino. Ponena za kukonza, kugwiritsa ntchito ukonde wothira madzi kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, ndipo zotsekeka ziyenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yake kuti madzi ayende bwino.
2. Mpando wotsekera madzi wa PCR
Mpando wa ukonde wa PCR wothira madzi ndi wosavuta kwambiri pomanga, ndipo ndi wopepuka, wosavuta kudula ndi kuyika, zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa kwambiri zovuta ndi mtengo womanga. Mukayika, onetsetsani kuti mphanda wa ukonde walumikizidwa bwino ndi nthaka kuti nthaka isakokoloke. Uyeneranso kuyikidwa motsatira zofunikira pa kapangidwe kake, samalani momwe mphanda wa ukonde umagwirira ntchito komanso momwe umakhalira kuti madzi asasokonekere bwino. Pokonza, kugwiritsa ntchito mphanda wa ukonde kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, zotsekeka ziyenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yake, ndipo madzi ake abwino komanso momwe nthaka imasungidwira ziyenera kusungidwa.
Monga momwe taonera pamwambapa, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa maukonde ophatikizana ndi ma PCR seepage drainage net mats pankhani ya kapangidwe ka zinthu, mawonekedwe a kapangidwe kake, momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, kapangidwe kake ndi kukonza. Maukonde ophatikizana ali ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri otulutsa madzi komanso kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe kake, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapulojekiti osiyanasiyana otulutsa madzi; pomwe maukonde otulutsa madzi a PCR ali ndi madzi abwino kwambiri, kusunga nthaka komanso kulola mpweya kulowa, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito posunga makoma otulutsa madzi. Posankha zipangizo zotulutsira madzi, mankhwala amaganiziridwa mokwanira malinga ndi zofunikira za polojekiti, katundu wa zipangizo ndi momwe ntchito yomangira imagwirira ntchito kuti zitsimikizire kuti ntchitoyo ndi yabwino komanso yotetezeka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-08-2025
