一. Gutegura mbere yo kubaka
1. Guhitamo ibikoresho: Ubwiza bw'imbaho zitagira amazi n'izikoresha amazi bushobora kugira ingaruka ku ngaruka z'umushinga ku buryo umushinga utazikoresha amazi. Kubwibyo, mbere yo kubaka, tugomba guhitamo imbaho zitagira amazi n'izikoresha amazi zujuje ibisabwa n'amategeko y'igihugu n'ubuhanga. Iyo ibikoresho byinjiye mu kibanza, bigomba kugenzurwa neza, nko kureba ubwiza bw'isura, ingano n'ibipimo, imiterere y'umubiri, nibindi.
2. Gutunganya urwego rw'ibanze: Mbere yo gushyiramo ikibaho kidapfa amazi n'ikibaho gisukura amazi, urwego rw'ibanze rugomba gusukurwa neza kugira ngo hatagira imyanda, amavuta n'umukungugu ureremba. Urwego rw'ibanze rutangana rugomba gusimburwa kugira ngo urwego rw'amazi n'ikibaho gisukura amazi bishyirwe neza.
3. Gupima no kwishyura: Dukurikije ibishushanyo mbonera, pima kandi wishyure imirongo kugira ngo umenye aho ishyirwa n'intera y'ibiti bidapfa amazi n'ibicanwa bito bito bishyirwa.
Gushyiramo imbaho zitagira amazi n'izica amazi
1. Uburyo bwo gushyiramo: Urubaho rudaca amazi n'urufunguzo rw'amazi bigomba gushyirwaho hakurikijwe ibisabwa mu gishushanyo. Witondere uburebure bw'urubaho n'uburyo bwo guhuza hagati y'urubaho. Insinga zigomba gushyirwa mu cyerekezo kiri ku ruhande rw'aho amazi anyura, kandi insinga zigomba gushyirwa inyuma ntizemerwa. Mu gihe cyo gushyiraho, uburyo bwo gushyiramo amazi n'urufunguzo rw'amazi bigomba kugumana ubugari n'ubugari, kandi ntihagomba kubaho guhindagurika cyangwa kugorama.
2. Gufata no guhuza: Ibyuma bito bito bito bito bito bito bigomba guhuzwa no gukosorwa kugira ngo bifatanye neza kandi birinde gusohoka. Uburyo bwo guhuza bushobora kuba gusudira, kole cyangwa gukosorwa n'imashini, nibindi, kandi bigomba gutoranywa hakurikijwe uko umushinga umeze n'ibikoresho by'ibyuma bito bito bito bito bito.
3. Gutunganya amazi: Nyuma yo gushyira ikibaho kidapfa amazi n'ikibaho gisukura amazi, hagomba no gukorwa uburyo bwo kwirinda amazi. Urugero, gushyira irangi ridapfa amazi cyangwa gushyira uturemangingo tudapfa amazi ku buso bw'ikibaho bishobora kubuza amazi kwinjira munsi y'ikibaho.
Kugenzura no kurinda nyuma yo kubaka
1. Igenzura n'ukwemera: Reba ikibaho gishyirwamo amazi n'amazi kugira ngo urebe neza ko ubuziranenge bwacyo bwujuje ibisabwa. Niba hagaragaye ibibazo, bigomba gukemurwa no gusanwa ku gihe. Ibikubiye mu igenzura birimo aho gishyirwa, uburebure bw'aho gihurira, uburyo bwo guhuza, uburyo bwo kugitunganya kidakoresha amazi n'amazi, n'ibindi.
2. Uburinzi bw'ibicuruzwa byarangiye: Nyuma yo kurangira, ikibaho kidapfa amazi n'amazi bigomba kurindwa kugira ngo bitangirika cyangwa ngo byanduzwe. Mu bwubatsi bukurikira, nta ngaruka cyangwa igisebe bigomba guterwa ku ikibaho kidapfa amazi n'amazi. Ibimenyetso byo kuburira bigomba gushyirwa ahantu hashyizweho ikibaho kidapfa amazi n'amazi kugira ngo hirindwe ko abakozi badafite aho binjirira.
3. Gushyiramo no gutwikira: Nyuma yo gushyiraho ikibaho kidapfa amazi n'ikiraro cy'amazi, ni ngombwa gushyiramo igitaka cyangwa gutwikira ibindi bikoresho ku gihe. Mu gihe cyo gushyiramo igitaka, ubugari bw'ikibaho bugomba kugenzurwa, kandi ikibaho kidapfa amazi n'ikiraro cy'amazi ntibigomba kwangirika. Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gushyiramo igitaka bigomba kandi kuzuza ibisabwa kugira ngo uburyo bwo gusohora amazi bugende neza.
Ingamba zo kwirinda kubaka
1. Abakozi b'ubwubatsi: Abakozi b'ubwubatsi bagomba kuba bafite ubumenyi bw'umwuga n'ubushobozi bwo gukora, kandi bakaba bazi neza imikorere n'imikoreshereze y'imbaho zidapfa amazi n'izikoresha amazi.
2. Ahantu ho kubaka: Ahantu ho kubaka hagomba kuba hujuje ibisabwa mu bwubatsi, nk'ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, n'ibindi. Mu gihe cy'ikirere kibi, kubaka bigomba guhagarikwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko ubwiza n'imikorere by'ikibaho kidaca amazi n'amazi bitinjira mu mazi byangirika.
3. Kugenzura Ubwiza: Mu gihe cy'inyubako, ubuziranenge bw'inyubako bugomba kugenzurwa neza. Nyuma ya buri gikorwa, igenzura ry'ubuziranenge rigomba gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe ko ibisabwa mu gishushanyo mbonera byujuje ibisabwa.
Bigaragara ko mu gihe cyo kubaka, ikibaho kidaca amazi n'amazi bigomba gukoreshwa hakurikijwe ibishushanyo mbonera n'ibipimo by'ubwubatsi kugira ngo hubakwe ireme ry'ubwubatsi. Ni ngombwa kandi kongera amahugurwa n'imicungire y'abakozi b'ubwubatsi, kunoza urwego rw'ubwubatsi, no gutanga umusanzu mu bwubatsi bw'umushinga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-10-2025
