Urusobe rw'amazi akoreshwa mu miyoboro y'amazi ni ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa mu mihanda ya gari ya moshi, imihanda minini, imihanda yo mu mazi, mu ikoranabuhanga ry'umujyi n'ahandi. None se, ubushobozi bwabyo bwo gukata bungana iki?
1. Imiterere n'imiterere y'urusobe rw'amazi ahuza imiyoboro
Urusobe rw'amazi rugizwe n'ibice bitatu by'imiterere yihariye itunganywa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwihariye bwo gushushanya. Impande zo hagati zifite ubukana bwinshi kandi zitondetse mu buryo burambuye kugira ngo zikore umuyoboro w'amazi, mu gihe impande zo hejuru n'izo hepfo zigize inkingi, ishobora kubuza ko imiyoboro ya geotextile ishyirwa mu muyoboro w'amazi. Bityo, ikomeza gukora neza cyane ndetse no mu gihe hari imitwaro myinshi.
2. Akamaro ko kurwanya gukata
1. Ubudahangarwa bwo gukata bivuze ubushobozi bw'ibikoresho bwo kurwanya gukata. Mu ikoranabuhanga rya sivili, uburyo bwo gukata amazi akenshi bugomba kwihanganira igitutu cyo ku ruhande n'imbaraga zo gukata amazi zituruka mu butaka. Iyo ubushobozi bwo gukata amazi butari buhagije, bushobora kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika bitewe n'igitutu cy'ubutaka, bigatuma uburyo bwo gukata amazi bunanirwa kandi bigatera ingaruka ku buryo umushinga wose uhagaze.
2. Ubudahangarwa bw'imiyoboro y'amazi ivanze bushobora kuba bufitanye isano n'ubudahangarwa n'umutekano w'imiyoboro y'amazi. Mu mihanda ya gari ya moshi, inzira z'umuhanda n'indi mishinga, igomba kugira ingaruka ebyiri z'umutwaro w'imodoka n'umuvuduko w'ubutaka. Iyo kudahangarwa kwayo ku buryo buhagije, bishobora gutuma imiyoboro y'amazi ihinduka cyangwa igacika, ibi bikaba bigira ingaruka ku ngaruka z'imiyoboro y'amazi n'ubudahangarwa bw'ikoranabuhanga.
3. Isesengura ry'imikorere yo gukata imiyoboro y'amazi ivanze
1. Imiterere y'ibikoresho: Ibikoresho fatizo bya polyethylene bifite ubucucike bwinshi bikoreshwa mu muyoboro w'amazi uvanze ubwabyo bifite imbaraga nyinshi zo gukurura no gukata. Bityo, bishobora kugumana ubusugire bwiza iyo bifite imbaraga zo gukata.
2. Imiterere y'imiterere: Imiterere yihariye y'urusobe rw'amazi rugizwe n'ibice bitatu itanga garanti ikomeye yo kudafata neza. Imiterere ikomeye y'imbavu zo hagati n'inkunga y'imbavu zo hejuru n'izo hepfo zifatanye bituma urusobe rw'amazi ruhuza neza mu gukwirakwiza imbaraga iyo rufite imbaraga zo gukata, kandi rukirinda kwangirika guterwa n'ubwinshi bw'imbaraga zo mu gace.
3. Ikoranabuhanga mu bwubatsi: Ikoranabuhanga mu bwubatsi ry'urusobe rw'amazi rugizwe n'ibice byinshi rigira ingaruka ku buryo rudakomera. Mu gihe cyo gushyiramo amazi, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko urusobe rw'amazi ruhura neza kandi rugafatana neza n'ubutaka, ibyo bikaba byatuma rudakomera. Mu gihe cyo kubaka, urusobe rw'amazi ntirugomba kwangirika cyangwa ngo rusenywe.
4. Ingamba zo kunoza uburyo imiyoboro y'amazi ikoreshwa mu gukata imiyoboro y'amazi
1. Guhitamo neza ibikoresho: Guhitamo ibikoresho fatizo bifite imbaraga zo gukurura no gukata, nka polyethylene ikomeye, bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo gukata imiyoboro y'amazi ivanze.
2. Kunoza imiterere y'inyubako: Mu guhindura imiterere y'imbavu, kongera umubare w'imbavu cyangwa guhindura imiterere y'imbavu, kunoza imiterere y'inyubako y'urusobe rw'amazi akoreshwa mu gukurura amazi no kunoza uburyo bwo kuyakata neza.
3. Komeza kugenzura ibikorwa by'ubwubatsi: Mu gihe cy'ubwubatsi, ubwiza bw'ubwubatsi n'ibipimo by'ibikorwa bigomba kugenzurwa neza kugira ngo harebwe ko imiyoboro y'amazi n'ubutaka bifatanye neza kandi bifatanye neza. Nanone wirinde kwangiza cyangwa kwangiza inzitiramibu.
Bigaragara ko uburyo bwo guhangana n’imiyoboro y’amazi akoreshwa mu buryo bwa “composite drainage” ari kimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi bituma umushinga uhora uhamye. Mu kunoza uburyo ibikoresho bikoreshwa, kunoza imiterere y’inyubako no gukomeza uburyo bwo kugenzura ibikorwa by’ubwubatsi, uburyo bwo guhangana n’imiyoboro y’amazi akoreshwa mu buryo bwa “composite drainage” bushobora kunozwa, kandi uburyo ikoreshwa mu buryo bwagutse no mu gihe kirekire mu ikoranabuhanga bishobora kwemezwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 24 Mata 2025
