Yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza zenethiwekhi yokudonsa amanzi ehlanganisiwe enezinhlangothi ezintathu emihubheni?

Kubunjiniyela bemihubhe, uhlelo lokukhipha amanzi lubaluleke kakhulu. Inethi yokukhipha amanzi ehlanganisiwe enezinhlangothi ezintathu iyinto evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ekubunjeni kwemihubhe. Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinhlelo zayo emihubheni?

I. Izici zobuchwepheshe zenethi yokudonsa amanzi ehlanganisiwe enezinhlangothi ezintathu

Inethi yokukhipha amanzi ehlanganisiwe enezinhlangothi ezintathu iyinhlanganisela yengqalasizinda yepulasitiki enezinhlangothi ezintathu eyenziwe nge-polyethylene ephezulu (i-HDPE) kanye ne-geotextile embozwe kabili eboshiwe. Isakhiwo sayo esiyinhloko siwumzila wokukhipha amanzi owakhiwe yizimbambo eziqondile kanye nezimbambo zokusekela ezingenhla nezingezansi ukuze kwakhiwe uhlelo lokusekela oluzinzile. Ngakho-ke, inezinzuzo ezintathu ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe:

1. Umthamo wokukhipha amanzi osebenza kahle: Ukuvuleka kwamanzi kungafinyelela ku-2500m/d, okulingana nomphumela wokukhipha amanzi wesendlalelo samatshe esiwugqinsi oluyimitha eli-1, futhi kungakhipha amanzi ngokushesha emhubheni.

2. Ukumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu: Ingamelana nomthwalo wokucindezela okuphezulu ongu-3000kPa isikhathi eside, ubukhulu be-mesh core bungu-5-8mm, kanti amandla okudonsa angu-≥36.5kN/m, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile ngaphansi kwezimo zejiyoloji eziyinkimbinkimbi.

3. Umsebenzi wokuvikela ophelele: Unemisebenzi yokulwa nokuhlunga, ukungena komoya, kanye nokuqinisa isisekelo, okwenza uhlelo lokuvikela oluhlanganisiwe "lokuvikela ukuhlunga nokukhipha amanzi".

II. Izimo ezine ezinkulu zokusetshenziswa kobunjiniyela bemigudu

1. Isendlalelo sokukhipha amanzi ngemuva kwendwangu

Umfutho wamanzi ukhiqizwa kalula ngenxa yokuqongelela kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ngemuva kolwelwesi lomhubhe, okuholela ekuvuza ngisho nasekulimaleni kwesakhiwo. Inethi yokukhipha amanzi ehlanganisiwe enezinhlangothi ezintathu ibekwa phakathi kolwelwesi kanye nedwala elizungezile ukuze kwakhiwe umzila wokukhipha amanzi omude ukuze kuqondiswe ukuvuza kwentaba emgodini oseceleni ukuze kukhishwe amanzi.

2. Uhlelo lokukhipha amanzi oluguquliwe

I-arch eguquliwe ithambekele ekuguqukeni kweqhwa ngenxa yokuqongelela kwamanzi. Inethi yokudonsa amanzi ehlanganisiwe enezinhlangothi ezintathu isetshenziswa kanye nengqimba yamatshe ukuze kukhishwe amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ngokushesha. Isakhiwo sayo esinezinhlangothi ezintathu singavimba ukukhuphuka kwamanzi e-capillary futhi sivimbele ukulimala kweqhwa lasebusika.

3. Isendlalelo sokudonsa amanzi odongeni oluseceleni

Emhubheni onedwala elizungezile elibuthakathaka, ukuvuza kwamanzi odongeni oluseceleni kungabangela kalula isakhiwo sokusekela ukuba singazinzi. Njengesendlalelo sokuphuma kwamanzi odongeni oluseceleni, inetha lokuphuma kwamanzi elihlanganisiwe elinezinhlangothi ezintathu alikwazi nje ukukhipha amanzi okuphuma, kodwa futhi linciphise ukuguquguquka kwedwala elizungezile ngamandla alo aphezulu okuthambekela. Idatha yokuhlola ikhombisa ukuthi amandla alo okucheba aphakeme ngo-40% kunalawo ezinto zendabuko, okungaqinisekisa ukuzinza kodonga oluseceleni.

4. Isendlalelo sokuguquka kwesango lokudonsa amanzi lomhubhe

Isango lomhubhe livame ukudilika ngenxa yokungena kwamanzi angaphezulu. Inethi yokudonsa amanzi ehlanganisiwe enezinhlangothi ezintathu ibekwe ngemuva kolwelwesi lwesango lomhubhe ukuze yakhe ungqimba lokuguqula amanzi angaphezulu ukuze aqondise amanzi angaphezulu emgodini wokudonsa amanzi. Ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kungamelana nokuguguleka kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ane-asidi futhi kuqinisekise ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside.

III. Izindawo zokwakha kanye nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi

1. Ukulawula isiqondiso sokubeka: Ubude besiqondiso somqulu wezinto kumele buqonde ngqo ku-axis yomhubhe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isiteshi sokukhipha amanzi sihambisana nesiqondiso sokugeleza kwamanzi.

2. Ukwelashwa kwamalunga: Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-buckle noma bokushisela ukulungisa, ubude bokugoqana buyi-≥15cm, bese usebenzisa izipikili ezimise okwe-U noma amabhande e-polymer ukuxhuma njalo nge-0.3m.

3. Ukuvikelwa kokugcwalisa: Ukugcwalisa kabusha kufanele kuqedwe zingakapheli amahora angu-48 ngemuva kokubeka, usayizi omkhulu wezinhlayiya zokugcwalisa ungo-≤6cm, futhi ukucindezela okulula komshini kusetshenziswa ukugwema ukulimala kwesakhiwo se-mesh core.