Madatsar ruwa ta geomembrane
Takaitaccen Bayani:
- Ana yin geomembranes da ake amfani da su don madatsun ruwa daga kayan polymer, galibi polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), da sauransu. Waɗannan kayan suna da ƙarancin shigar ruwa cikin ruwa kuma suna iya hana ruwa shiga cikin ruwa yadda ya kamata. Misali, ana samar da polyethylene geomembrane ta hanyar polymerization na ethylene, kuma tsarin kwayoyin halittarsa yana da ƙanƙanta sosai har ƙwayoyin ruwa ba za su iya wucewa ta cikinsa ba.
- Ana yin geomembranes da ake amfani da su don madatsun ruwa daga kayan polymer, galibi polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), da sauransu. Waɗannan kayan suna da ƙarancin shigar ruwa cikin ruwa kuma suna iya hana ruwa shiga cikin ruwa yadda ya kamata. Misali, ana samar da polyethylene geomembrane ta hanyar polymerization na ethylene, kuma tsarin kwayoyin halittarsa yana da ƙanƙanta sosai har ƙwayoyin ruwa ba za su iya wucewa ta cikinsa ba.
1.Halayen Aiki
- Aikin hana zubewa:
Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin aikin geomembranes wajen amfani da madatsun ruwa. Geomembranes masu inganci na iya samun ma'aunin permeability har zuwa 10⁻¹² - 10⁻¹³ cm/s, kusan toshe hanyar wucewar ruwa gaba ɗaya. Idan aka kwatanta da layin gargajiya na hana zubewar yumbu, tasirinsa na hana zubewar yumbu ya fi ban mamaki. Misali, a ƙarƙashin matsin kan ruwa iri ɗaya, adadin ruwan da ke ratsa geomembrane ƙanƙanin sashi ne kawai na wannan ta cikin layin hana zubewar yumbu. - Aikin hana hudawa:
A lokacin amfani da geomembranes a kan madatsun ruwa, abubuwa masu kaifi kamar duwatsu da rassan da ke cikin jikin madatsun ruwa na iya huda su. Kyakkyawan geomembranes suna da ƙarfin hana hudawa mai ƙarfi. Misali, wasu geomembranes masu haɗaka suna da yadudduka na ƙarfafa zare na ciki waɗanda zasu iya tsayayya da hudawa yadda ya kamata. Gabaɗaya, ƙarfin hana hudawa na geomembranes masu ƙwarewa na iya kaiwa 300 - 600N, yana tabbatar da cewa ba za su lalace cikin sauƙi a cikin yanayin rikitarwa na jikin madatsun ruwa ba. - Juriyar Tsufa:
Tunda madatsun ruwa suna da tsawon rai na aiki, geomembranes suna buƙatar samun kyakkyawan juriya ga tsufa. Ana ƙara sinadarai masu hana tsufa yayin samar da geomembranes, wanda ke ba su damar kiyaye aiki mai kyau na dogon lokaci a ƙarƙashin tasirin abubuwan muhalli kamar hasken ultraviolet da canjin zafin jiki. Misali, geomembranes da aka sarrafa ta amfani da dabaru na musamman na iya samun tsawon rai na shekaru 30 - 50 a waje. - Daidaita Canzawa:
Dam ɗin zai fuskanci wasu canje-canje kamar su matsuguni da ƙaura yayin aikin adana ruwa. Geomembranes na iya daidaitawa da irin waɗannan canje-canje ba tare da fashewa ba. Misali, suna iya shimfiɗawa da lanƙwasa har zuwa wani lokaci tare da daidaita jikin dam ɗin. Ƙarfin ƙarfinsu gabaɗaya zai iya kaiwa 10 - 30MPa, wanda ke ba su damar jure wa damuwar da nakasar jikin dam ɗin ke haifarwa.
Kness bisa ga buƙatun aikin. Kauri na geomembrane yawanci yana tsakanin 0.3mm zuwa 2.0mm.
- Rashin Rage Ruwa: Tabbatar da cewa geomembrane yana da kyakkyawan juriyar shiga ruwa don hana ruwa shiga cikin aikin.
2. Muhimman Abubuwan Gine-gine
- Maganin Tushe:
Kafin a shimfida geomembranes, dole ne tushen madatsar ruwan ya kasance mai faɗi da ƙarfi. Ya kamata a cire abubuwa masu kaifi, ciyayi, ƙasa mai laushi da duwatsu a saman tushe. Misali, galibi ana buƙatar a sarrafa kuskuren lanƙwasa na tushe a cikin ±2cm. Wannan zai iya hana geomembrane ya yi karce kuma ya tabbatar da kyakkyawar hulɗa tsakanin geomembrane da tushe don a iya yin aikin hana zubewa. - Hanyar kwanciya:
Yawanci ana haɗa geomembranes ta hanyar walda ko haɗa su. Lokacin walda, ya zama dole a tabbatar da cewa zafin walda, gudu da matsin lamba sun dace. Misali, ga geomembranes masu zafi, zafin walda yawanci yana tsakanin 200 - 300 °C, saurin walda yana kusan 0.2 - 0.5m/min, kuma matsin walda yana tsakanin 0.1 - 0.3MPa don tabbatar da ingancin walda da kuma hana matsalolin zubewa da rashin kyawun walda ke haifarwa. - Haɗin Gefe:
Haɗin geomembrane da harsashin madatsar ruwa, duwatsu a ɓangarorin biyu na madatsar ruwa, da sauransu a gefen madatsar ruwa yana da matuƙar muhimmanci. Gabaɗaya, za a ɗauki ramukan da za a sanya, rufin siminti, da sauransu. Misali, an sanya ramin da za a sanya a kan madatsar ruwa mai zurfin santimita 30 - 50 a kan harsashin madatsar ruwa. Ana sanya gefen geomembrane a cikin ramin da za a sanya a kan madatsar ruwa kuma a ɗaure shi da kayan ƙasa ko siminti don tabbatar da cewa geomembrane ɗin yana da alaƙa sosai da gine-ginen da ke kewaye da shi kuma a hana zubewar waje.
3. Gyara da Dubawa
- Kulawa ta Yau da Kullum:
Ya zama dole a riƙa duba ko akwai lalacewa, ko yagewa, ko hudawa, da sauransu a saman geomembrane ɗin. Misali, a lokacin aikin madatsar ruwan, ma'aikatan kulawa za su iya gudanar da bincike sau ɗaya a wata, suna mai da hankali kan duba geomembrane ɗin a wuraren da ruwan ke canzawa akai-akai da kuma wuraren da ke da manyan nakasu a jikin madatsar ruwan. - Hanyoyin Dubawa:
Ana iya amfani da dabarun gwaji marasa lalatawa, kamar hanyar gwajin walƙiya. A cikin wannan hanyar, ana amfani da wani ƙarfin lantarki a saman geomembrane. Idan akwai lalacewa ga geomembrane, za a samar da tartsatsin wuta, ta yadda za a iya gano wuraren da suka lalace cikin sauri. Bugu da ƙari, akwai kuma hanyar gwajin tsotsa. Ana samar da sarari mai rufewa tsakanin geomembrane da na'urar gwaji, kuma ana tantance wanzuwar zubewar dutse a cikin geomembrane ta hanyar lura da canjin matakin tsotsa.
Sigogin samfurin
