Ngā kākahu whenua waikeri
Whakaahuatanga Poto:
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- Ko te geotextile waikeri he momo rauemi geosynthetic, e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha waikeri o te miihini ā-iwi me te miihini whenua. Ka taea e ia te tango i te wai mai i te oneone, ā, ka whai wāhi hoki ki te tātari me te wehe. He rauemi miihini maha-mahi.
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- Ko te geotextile waikeri he momo rauemi geosynthetic, e whakamahia nuitia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha waikeri o te miihini ā-iwi me te miihini whenua. Ka taea e ia te tango i te wai mai i te oneone, ā, ka whai wāhi hoki ki te tātari me te wehe. He rauemi miihini maha-mahi.
- Te Mātāpono o te Waikeri
- Ko te rerenga wai o te geotextile rerenga wai e hangai ana ki tōna hanganga pūwero me tōna urunga. He maha ngā pūwero ririki kei roto, ā, e hono tahi ana ēnei pūwero hei hanga i tētahi whatunga matatini o ngā awa rerenga wai.
- Ina he wai kei roto i te oneone, i raro i te awe o te kaha ā-papa, te rerekētanga pēhanga rānei (pēnei i te pēhanga waipū, te pēhanga turuturu, me ētahi atu), ka tomo te wai ki roto i te geotextile mā roto i ngā pūwero o te geotextile. Kātahi ka rere te wai i roto i ngā awa waikeri i roto i te geotextile, ā, ka arahina ki te putanga o te pūnaha waikeri, pērā i ngā paipa waikeri, ngā awa waikeri, me ētahi atu.
- Hei tauira, i roto i te pūnaha waikeri o raro whenua, ka uru te wai whenua ki roto i te geotextile waikeri i raro i te mana o te rerekētanga pēhanga, kātahi ka haria te wai ki ngā paipa waikeri o te taha o te rori mā roto i te geotextile, ā, ka tutuki te waikeri o te subgrade.
- Ngā Āhuatanga Mahi
- Te Mahi o te Waikeri
- He tino teitei te tere uruhanga o te geotextile waikeri, ā, ka tere te mimiti o te wai. Ko te tikanga, ka inehia tōna tere uruhanga wai mā te tauwehenga uruhanga. Mēnā he nui ake te tauwehenga uruhanga, ka tere ake te tere mimiti. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea e te tauwehenga uruhanga o te geotextile waikeri te eke ki te 10⁻² - 10⁻³ cm/s, e āhei ai ki te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga mimiti rerekē.
- Ka taea hoki e ia te pupuri i te pai o te mahi rerenga wai i raro i tētahi taumata pēhanga. Hei tauira, ina kei raro te papa o te rori i te kawenga o te waka, ka taea tonu e te papanga whenua rerenga te rerenga wai i te tikanga tika, ā, e kore e aukati i ngā awa rerenga wai nā te pēhanga.
- Te Mahi Tātari
- I te wā e mimiti ana, ka taea e te geotextile mimiti te tātari i ngā matūriki oneone. Ka taea e ia te aukati i ngā matūriki angiangi (pērā i te paru, te uku, me ētahi atu) i roto i te oneone kei uru ki ngā awa wai, ā, ka ārai hoki i te aukati o te pūnaha mimiti. Ka tutuki tana mahi tātari mā te whakahaere i te rahi o ngā pūwero me te hanganga o ngā pūwero o te geotextile.
- Ko te tikanga, ko te rahi o ngā pore ōrite (O₉₅) e whakamahia ana hei ine i te mahi tātari o te geotextile. Ko tēnei tawhā e tohu ana i te uara mōrahi o te 95% o te diameter matūriki ka taea te haere mā roto i te geotextile. Mā te rahi o ngā pore ōrite e tika ana ka taea te whakarite kia haere noa te wai me ngā matū kua rewa i roto i te wai, i te wā e āraihia ana ngā matūriki oneone.
- Ngā Āhuatanga Mīhini
- He kaha te kaha o te geotextile waikeri, ā, ka taea e ia te tu atu i ngā pānga o te kaha me te haehae i te wā o te hanganga. Ko te kaha o te kaha kei waenganui i te 1 - 10 kN/m, ā, kāore e ngāwari te pakaru i te wā o te whakatakotoranga me te whakamahinga.
- He pai hoki tōna mahi ārai-pū, ā, ka taea te ātete ki te pū ina tūtaki ki ngā mea koi (pērā i te kōhatu, i te pakiaka, me ētahi atu) me te karo i te whakangaromanga o ngā awa wai.
- Te pakari me te ātete ki te waikura
- Nā te mea he maha ngā āhuatanga taiao e pāngia ana e te geotextile waikeri, he roa te mau. Ahakoa te pānga o te hihi ultraviolet, te huringa pāmahana, te horo o ngā matū me ētahi atu āhuatanga, ka taea tonu e ia te pupuri i tana mahi.
- He pai tōna ātete ki ngā matū pēnei i te waikawa me te kawakore, ā, ka taea te mahi noa ahakoa i roto i te oneone waikawa, i te oneone kawakore rānei. Hei tauira, i roto i te pūnaha rerenga wai i raro i te whenua o te papa ahumahi matū, ka taea e te papanga whenua rerenga wai te ātete i te horo o te wai para matū, ā, ka whakarite kia mahi noa te pūnaha rerenga wai.
- Te Mahi o te Waikeri
- Ngā horopaki tono
- Te Hangarau Rori me te Rerewē
- Mō te waikeri o raro whenua, ka taea te whakatakoto i ngā papanga whenua waikeri ki raro, ki te pari rānei o te whenua hei tango i te wai whenua me te wai mata o te rori. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i te ārai i te whenua mai i ngā mate e puta mai ana i te kohikohinga o te wai, pērā i te huka me te totohu.
- I roto i te hangarau pakitara pupuri o ngā rori me ngā rēriwe, ka taea te whakamahi i te geotextile waikeri hei paparanga tātari, ka tāutahia ki muri o te pakitara pupuri hei mimiti i te wai i muri i te pakitara me te aukati i te ngaronga o ngā matūriki oneone, kia mau ai te pumau o te pakitara pupuri.
- Te Hangarau Tiaki Wai
- I roto i ngā pūnaha rerenga wai o roto o ngā whare tiaki wai pērā i ngā tāhuna me ngā pareparenga, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā papanga whenua rerenga wai hei whakaheke i te wai e turuturu ana ki roto i te tinana tāhuna, i te tinana pareparenga rānei, hei whakaiti i te pēhanga wai o roto, hei whakapai ake hoki i te pumau o te hanganga.
- I roto i te hangarau tiaki i te pari o te awa, ka taea te whakamahi i te geotextile rerenga wai hei rauemi rerenga wai me te tātari hei tango i te wai i kohia i roto i te tinana o te pari, hei ārai hoki i te horoinga o te oneone o te tinana o te pari e te wai o te awa.
- Hangarau Hanga
- I roto i ngā pūnaha waikeri me ngā pūnaha rerenga wai o ngā rūma o raro whare, ka taea te whakamahi i te geotextile rerenga wai hei rauemi rerenga wai tāpiri me te paparanga waikeri. Ka taea e ia te whakaheke i te wai whenua huri noa i te rūma o raro, ā, ka ārai i te rūma o raro kei makuku, kei waipuke rānei.
- I roto i te hangarau rerenga wai o te turanga, ka taea te whakatakoto i te geotextile rerenga wai ki raro i te turanga hei mimiti i te wai i raro i te turanga, hei whakapai ake hoki i te taiao ahotea o te turanga.
- Te Hangarau Parapara
- I raro me ngā pari o ngā whenua ururua, ka taea te whakamahi i te geotextile waikeri hei kohi me te tango i te wai rere i puta mai i te pirau o te para. He mea nui tēnei hei ārai i te turuturu o te wai rere me te tiaki i te taiao.
- Ka taea hoki te whakamahi tahi me ētahi atu rauemi hangarau whenua (pēnei i ngā geomembrane) hei hanga i tētahi pūnaha waikeri hiato me te pūnaha ārai-paru mō ngā whenua ururua.
- Te Hangarau Rori me te Rerewē
| 参数（Tawhā） | 单位（Waeine） | 描述（Whakaahuatanga） |
|---|---|---|
| 渗透系数（Te Tau Whakaaetanga） | henimita/hekona | 衡量排水土工布透水能力的指标，反映水在土工布中流动的难易程度。 |
| 等效孔径（Rahi Pore Ōrite，O₉₅） | mm | 表示能通过土工布的颗粒直径的 95% 的最大值，用于评估过滤性能。 |
| 拉伸强度（Tensile Strength） | kN/m | 土工布在拉伸方向上能够承受的最大拉力，体现其抵抗拉伸破坏的能力。 |
| 撕裂强度（Tear Strength） | N | 土工布抵抗撕裂的能力。 |
| 抗穿刺强度（Atete Puka） | N | 土工布抵抗尖锐物体穿刺的能力。 |
