Tsatanetsatane wa Zamalonda
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- Dothi la geotextile la madzi otayira ndi mtundu wa zinthu zopangidwa ndi geosynthetic, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu njira zotulutsira madzi mu uinjiniya wa zomangamanga ndi uinjiniya wa geotechnical. Limatha kutulutsa madzi bwino m'nthaka komanso limagwira ntchito yosefera ndi kuipatula. Ndi zinthu zambiri zogwirira ntchito zauinjiniya.
- Mfundo Yoyendetsera Madzi Otayira Madzi
- Kutulutsa madzi kuchokera ku geotextile kumadalira makamaka kapangidwe ka ma pore ake ndi kulowa kwake. Pali ma pore ang'onoang'ono ambiri mkati mwake, ndipo ma pore amenewa amalumikizidwa kuti apange netiweki yovuta ya njira zotulutsira madzi.
- Madzi akakhala m'nthaka, chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka kapena kusiyana kwa mphamvu (monga mphamvu ya hydrostatic, mphamvu yotuluka m'madzi, ndi zina zotero), madziwo amalowa mkati mwa geotextile kudzera m'mabowo a geotextile. Kenako, madziwo amadutsa m'njira zotulutsira madzi mkati mwa geotextile ndipo pamapeto pake amatsogozedwa kupita kumalo otulukira madzi, monga mapaipi otulutsira madzi, zitsime zotulutsira madzi, ndi zina zotero.
- Mwachitsanzo, mu njira yothira madzi pansi pa nthaka, madzi apansi panthaka amalowa mu geotextile ya madzi pansi pa mphamvu ya kusiyana kwa mphamvu, kenako madzi amatengedwa kupita ku mapaipi othira madzi a m'mbali mwa msewu kudzera mu geotextile, motero amachotsa madzi pansi pa nthaka.
- Makhalidwe Ogwira Ntchito
- Magwiridwe antchito a madzi otayira madzi
- Geotextile yamadzimadzi imakhala ndi chiŵerengero chachikulu cha kulola madzi kulowa ndipo imatha kutulutsa madzi mwachangu. Chiŵerengero chake cha kulola madzi kulowa nthawi zambiri chimayesedwa ndi chiŵerengero cha kulola madzi kulowa. Chiŵerengero chachikulu cha kulola madzi kulowa, chiŵerengero cha kulola madzi kulowa chimawonjezeka mofulumira. Kawirikawiri, chiŵerengero cha kulola madzi kulowa mu geotextile chimatha kufika pa kukula kwa 10⁻² - 10⁻³ cm/s, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ikwaniritse bwino zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za kulola madzi kulowa.
- Ikhozanso kusunga bwino ntchito yotulutsa madzi pansi pa mphamvu inayake. Mwachitsanzo, pamene msewu uli pansi pa mphamvu ya galimoto, geotextile ya madzi imatha kutulutsa madzi bwino ndipo sidzatseka njira zotulutsira madzi chifukwa cha mphamvu.
- Magwiridwe antchito osefera
- Potulutsa madzi, geotextile yotulutsira madzi imatha kusefa bwino tinthu ta dothi. Imatha kuletsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono (monga matope, dongo, ndi zina zotero) m'nthaka kuti tisalowe m'njira zotulutsira madzi ndikuletsa kuti madzi asatseke. Kuchita bwino kwake kosefera kumachitika powongolera kukula kwa ma pore ndi kapangidwe ka ma pore a geotextile.
- Kawirikawiri, kukula kofanana kwa ma pore (O₉₅) kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa momwe geotextile imasefedwera. Gawoli likuyimira mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri wa 95% wa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tingadutse mu geotextile. Kukula kofanana kwa ma pore kungatsimikizire kuti madzi ndi zinthu zosungunuka m'madzi zokha ndi zomwe zingadutse, pomwe tinthu ta nthaka timachotsedwa.
- Katundu wa Makina
- Dothi la geotextile la madzi otayira madzi lili ndi mphamvu yokoka komanso yong'ambika ndipo limatha kupirira mphamvu yokoka ndi yong'ambika panthawi yomanga. Mphamvu yokoka nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 1 - 10 kN/m, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti lisasweke mosavuta panthawi yoyika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.
- Ilinso ndi mphamvu yabwino yoletsa kubowola ndipo imatha kupirira kubowola ikakumana ndi zinthu zakuthwa (monga miyala, mizu, ndi zina zotero) ndikupewa kuwonongeka kwa ngalande zotulutsira madzi.
- Kulimba ndi Kukana Kudzimbiritsa
- Popeza geotextile yamadzi nthawi zambiri imakumana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, imakhala yolimba bwino. Chifukwa cha kuwala kwa ultraviolet, kusintha kwa kutentha, kukokoloka kwa mankhwala ndi zina, imathabe kugwira ntchito bwino.
- Imalekerera bwino mankhwala monga asidi ndi alkali, ndipo imatha kugwira ntchito bwino kaya m'nthaka ya asidi kapena ya alkali. Mwachitsanzo, m'njira yotulutsira madzi pansi pa nthaka ya malo opangira mankhwala, geotextile yotulutsira madzi imatha kukana kuwonongeka kwa madzi otayidwa ndi mankhwala ndikuwonetsetsa kuti njira yotulutsira madzi ikugwira ntchito bwino.
- Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito
- Uinjiniya wa Misewu ndi Sitima
- Ponena za madzi otsetsereka pansi pa nthaka, malo otsetsereka a madzi amatha kuyikidwa pansi kapena pamtunda wa nthaka kuti atulutse madzi apansi panthaka ndi pamwamba pa msewu. Izi zimathandiza kupewa madzi otsetsereka pansi pa nthaka ku matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwa madzi, monga chisanu ndi kuchepa kwa madzi.
- Mu uinjiniya wa makoma osungira misewu ndi njanji, drainage geotextile ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati fyuluta ndikuyikidwa kumbuyo kwa khoma losungira kuti itulutse madzi kumbuyo kwa khoma ndikuletsa kutayika kwa tinthu ta dothi, kuonetsetsa kuti khoma losungirako limakhala lolimba.
- Uinjiniya Wosamalira Madzi
- Mu njira zotulutsira madzi mkati mwa nyumba zosungira madzi monga madamu ndi ma dikes, njira yotulutsira madzi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kutulutsa madzi otuluka mkati mwa thupi la dam kapena thupi la dike, kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa madzi m'mabowo ndikukweza kukhazikika kwa nyumbayo.
- Mu mtsinje - m'mphepete mwa mtsinje - uinjiniya woteteza, drainage geotextile ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chotulutsira madzi ndi fyuluta kuti ichotse madzi omwe asonkhana m'mphepete mwa mtsinje ndikuletsa dothi la mtsinje kuti lisakokoloke ndi madzi.
- Uinjiniya Womanga
- Mu makina osalowa madzi ndi otulutsa madzi m'zipinda zapansi, drainage geotextile ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zinthu zothandizira kutulutsira madzi pamodzi ndi wosanjikiza wosalowa madzi. Imatha kutulutsa madzi apansi ozungulira chipinda chapansi ndikuletsa chipinda chapansi kuti chisanyowe ndi kusefukira.
- Mu uinjiniya wa madzi oyambira, njira yodulira madzi imatha kuyikidwa pansi pa maziko kuti ichotse madzi pansi pa maziko ndikukonza malo ovutikira a maziko.
- Uinjiniya wa Malo Otayira Zinyalala
- Pansi ndi m'malo otsetsereka a malo otayira zinyalala, malo otayira zinyalala angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusonkhanitsa ndi kutulutsa madzi otayira omwe amapangidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinyalala. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri popewa kutuluka kwa madzi otayira komanso kuteteza chilengedwe.
- Ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito limodzi ndi zipangizo zina za geotechnical (monga geomembranes) popanga ngalande yosakanikirana komanso njira yoletsa kutuluka kwa madzi m'malo otayira zinyalala.
| 参数 (Parameters) | 单位 (Mayunitsi) | 描述 (Kufotokozera) |
| 渗透系数 (Permeability Coefficient) | cm/s | 衡量排水土工布透水能力的指标，反映水在土工布中流动的难易程度. |
| 等效孔径 (Equivalent Pore Size,O₉₅) | mm | 表示能通过土工布的颗粒直径的 95%的最大值，用于评估过滤性能. |
| 拉伸强度 (Tensile Strength) | kN/m | 土工布在拉伸方向上能够承受的最大拉力，体现其抵抗拉伸破坏的能力. |
| 撕裂强度 (Kugwetsa Misozi) | N | 土工布抵抗撕裂的能力. |
| 抗穿刺强度 (Kukaniza Puncture) | N | 土工布抵抗尖锐物体穿刺的能力. |
Yapitayi: Netiweki yotulutsira madzi yokhala ndi magawo atatu Ena: Lulu lopangidwa ndi geotextile
