Inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo yenziwe ngamacandelo aliqela

Kwizakhiwo zanamhlanje zobunjineli bokwakha kunye neziseko zophuhliso, inkqubo yokukhupha amanzi ibaluleke kakhulu. Inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo inokusebenza kakuhle kakhulu kokukhupha amanzi, inamandla aphezulu kwaye ihlala ixesha elide, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu ezindleleni, koololiwe, kwiitonela, kwiiprojekthi zokugcina amanzi kunye neendawo zokulahla inkunkuma. Ngoko ke, zingaphi izinto ezenziwe ngayo?

Inethi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo yenziwe ngezinto ezintathu eziphambili: umbindi weplastiki, i-geotextile ekwaziyo ukungena emanzini kunye nomaleko wokuncamathelisa odibanisa ezi zimbini. Ezi zinto zintathu zisebenza kunye ukuqinisekisa ukukhupha amanzi ngokufanelekileyo, amandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina kwenethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo.

1, iplastiki enemingxuma engundoqo

（1）Isiseko seplastiki se-mesh yinkxaso ephambili yesakhiwo se-composite drainage net, eyenziwe nge-polyethylene enobunzima obuphezulu (HDPE) Izixhobo zeplastiki ezinamandla alinganayo zenziwa ngenkqubo ekhethekileyo yokubumba i-extrusion. Inesakhiwo esikhethekileyo esinemilinganiselo emithathu, esenziwe ziimbambo ezithe nkqo nezithe tye. Ezi mbambo azinazo nje kuphela ubulukhuni obuphezulu kwaye zinokwenza i-drainage channel esebenzayo, kodwa zikwaxhasana ukuthintela i-geotextile ukuba ingangeni kwi-drainage channel, ukuqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokusebenza kwe-drainage net phantsi komthwalo ophezulu.

（2）Kukho uyilo olwahlukeneyo lwe-plastic mesh core, kuquka i-two-dimensional mesh core kunye ne-three-dimensional mesh core. I-two-dimensional mesh core yenziwe yi-drainage mesh core ene-two-ribs structure, ngelixa i-three-dimensional mesh core ine-three-dimensional mesh brains, ezenza isakhiwo esintsonkothileyo kwindawo, zibonelela ngomthamo ophezulu wokukhupha amanzi kunye namandla okucindezela. Ingakumbi i-three-dimensional composite drainage network, isakhiwo sayo esikhethekileyo sinokukhupha amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba endleleni ngokukhawuleza kwaye sivale amanzi e-capillary phantsi komthwalo omkhulu, odlala indima ekuhlukaniseni nasekuqiniseni isiseko.

2, i-geotextile engenela emanzini

（1）I-geotextile ekwazi ukungena emanzini yenye inxalenye ebalulekileyo yenethi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo, edla ngokubotshelelwa kumacala omabini okanye kwelinye icala lesiseko seplastiki ngenkqubo yokubopha ngobushushu. I-geotextile ekwazi ukungena emanzini yenziwe nge-geotextile engalukwanga ngenaliti, ekwazi ukungena kwamanzi kakuhle kwaye inamandla okulwa nokuhluza. Amandla ayo okuthintela amasuntswana omhlaba kunye nokungcola okuncinci ukuba kungangeni kumjelo wokukhupha amanzi, ikwavumela ukufuma ukuba kudlule ngokukhululekileyo, iqinisekisa inkqubo yokukhupha amanzi engathintelwanga.

（2）Ukukhethwa kwe-geotextile ekwaziyo ukungena emanzini kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwenethi yokuhambisa amanzi edibeneyo. I-geotextile ekwaziyo ukungena emanzini esemgangathweni ophezulu ayinayo nje kuphela ubungakanani obuhle bemingxuma, ukungena kwamanzi kunye nokungena kwamanzi, kodwa ikwanayo namandla aphezulu okubhoboza, amandla okukrazula e-trapezoidal kunye namandla okutsalwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba inokumelana namandla ahlukeneyo angaphandle kunye nokukhukuliseka kwendalo xa isetyenziswa ixesha elide.

3, umaleko onamathelayo

（1） Umaleko wokuncamathelisa yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokudibanisa umbindi weplastiki kunye ne-geotextile ekwaziyo ukungena emanzini. Wenziwe ngezinto ezikhethekileyo ze-thermoplastic. Ngenkqubo yokubopha eshushu, umaleko wokuncamathelisa unokudibanisa umbindi weplastiki kunye ne-geotextile ekwaziyo ukungena emanzini ukuze wenze umnatha wokukhupha amanzi odibeneyo onesakhiwo esidibeneyo. Olu lwakhiwo aluqinisekisi nje kuphela uzinzo kunye nokuqina kwenethi yokukhupha amanzi, kodwa lukwayenza ukufakwa kwayo kunye nokubekwa kwayo kube lula kwaye kukhawuleze.

（2）Ukusebenza komaleko wokuncamathelisa kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kokukhupha amanzi kunye nokukwazi ukulwa nokwaluphala kwenethi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo. Umaleko wokuncamathelisa osemgangathweni ophezulu unokuqinisekisa ukuba inethi yokukhupha amanzi ayizukuqhekeka okanye iwe ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, kwaye unokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo yokukhupha amanzi.

Njengoko kunokubonwa koku kungasentla, inethi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo yenziwe ngezinto ezintathu: isiseko seplastiki, i-geotextile ekwaziyo ukungena emanzini kunye nomaleko wokuncamathelisa. Ezi zinto zisebenza kunye ukuqinisekisa ukukhutshelwa kwamanzi ngokufanelekileyo, amandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina kwenethi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo.