I-geotextile yokudonsa amanzi

Incazelo emfushane:

- I-geotextile yokudonsa amanzi uhlobo lwezinto zokwenziwa kwe-geosynthetic, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokudonsa amanzi zobunjiniyela bezokwakha kanye nobunjiniyela be-geotechnical. Ingakhipha amanzi ngempumelelo enhlabathini futhi idlale indima yokuhlunga kanye nokuhlukanisa. Iyinto yobunjiniyela esebenza ngezindlela eziningi.

Sithumelele i-imeyili

Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo

- I-geotextile yokudonsa amanzi uhlobo lwezinto zokwenziwa kwe-geosynthetic, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokudonsa amanzi zobunjiniyela bezokwakha kanye nobunjiniyela be-geotechnical. Ingakhipha amanzi ngempumelelo enhlabathini futhi idlale indima yokuhlunga kanye nokuhlukanisa. Iyinto yobunjiniyela esebenza ngezindlela eziningi.

Isimiso Sokukhipha Amanzi
- Ukugeleza kwamanzi kwe-geotextile yokudonsa amanzi kusekelwe kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwawo kwemigodi kanye nokungena kwamanzi. Kunemigodi eminingi emincane ngaphakathi kwayo, futhi le migodi ixhumene ukuze yakhe inethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi yeziteshi zokudonsa amanzi.
- Uma kunamanzi enhlabathini, ngaphansi kwethonya lokwehluka kwamandla adonsela phansi noma kwengcindezi (njengokwenyuka kwengcindezi yamanzi, ukuvuza kwamanzi, njll.), amanzi azongena ngaphakathi kwe-geotextile ngemifantu ye-geotextile. Ngemuva kwalokho, amanzi ageleza ngemigudu yokukhipha amanzi ngaphakathi kwe-geotextile futhi ekugcineni aqondiswa endaweni yokukhipha amanzi, njengemipayipi yokukhipha amanzi, imisele yokukhipha amanzi, njll.
- Isibonelo, ohlelweni lokukhipha amanzi ngaphansi komhlaba, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba angena ku-geotextile yokukhipha amanzi ngaphansi kwesenzo somehluko wokucindezela, bese amanzi ethuthwa aye emapayipini okukhipha amanzi eceleni komgwaqo nge-geotextile, ngaleyo ndlela kufezwe ukuthuthwa kwamanzi ngaphansi komhlaba.

Izici Zokusebenza
- Ukusebenza Kokukhipha Amanzi
  - I-geotextile yokudonsa amanzi inezinga eliphezulu lokuphuma kwamanzi futhi ingakhipha amanzi ngokushesha. Izinga layo lokuphuma kwamanzi livame ukulinganiswa nge-coefficient yokuphuma kwamanzi. Uma i-coefficient yokuphuma kwamanzi inkulu, isivinini sokuphuma kwamanzi sishesha kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, i-coefficient yokuphuma kwamanzi ye-geotextile yokudonsa amanzi ingafinyelela ku-oda lobukhulu obungu-10⁻² - 10⁻³ cm/s, okwenza ikwazi ukuhlangabezana ngempumelelo nezidingo ezahlukene zokuphuma kwamanzi.
  - Ingaphinde igcine ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha amanzi ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile. Isibonelo, lapho umgwaqo ungaphansi komthwalo wemoto, i-geotextile yokukhipha amanzi isengakhipha amanzi ngendlela evamile futhi ngeke ivimbe iziteshi zokukhipha amanzi ngenxa yokucindezela.
- Ukusebenza Kokuhlunga
  - Ngesikhathi kudonswa amanzi, i-geotextile yokudonsa amanzi ingahlunga ngempumelelo izinhlayiya zomhlabathi. Ingavimba izinhlayiya ezincane (njengodaka, ubumba, njll.) enhlabathini ukuthi zingangeni emiseleni yokudonsa amanzi futhi ivimbele uhlelo lokudonsa amanzi ukuthi lungavaleki. Ukusebenza kwayo kokuhlunga kufezwa ngokulawula usayizi wezimbobo kanye nesakhiwo sezimbobo ze-geotextile.
  - Ngokuvamile, usayizi wembobo olinganayo (O₉₅) usetshenziselwa ukukala ukusebenza kokuhlunga kwe-geotextile. Le pharamitha imelela inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-95% obubanzi bezinhlayiya ezingadlula kwi-geotextile. Usayizi wembobo olinganayo ofanele ungaqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi nezinto ezincibilikisiwe emanzini kuphela ezingadlula, kuyilapho izinhlayiya zomhlabathi zibanjwa.
- Izakhiwo Zemishini
  - I-geotextile yokudonsa amanzi inamandla athile okudonseka kanye namandla okudabula futhi ingamelana nemiphumela yokudonseka kanye nokudabula ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha. Amandla okudonseka ngokuvamile aphakathi kuka-1 - 10 kN/m, okwenza ingaphuki kalula ngesikhathi senqubo yokubeka nokusebenzisa.
  - Iphinde ibe nokusebenza okuhle kokulwa nokubhoboza futhi ingamelana nokubhoboza lapho ihlangana nezinto ezibukhali (njengamatshe, izimpande, njll.) futhi igweme ukubhujiswa kwemisele yokukhipha amanzi.
- Ukuqina Nokumelana Nokugqwala
  - Njengoba i-drainage geotextile ivame ukuchayeka ezimweni ezahlukene zemvelo, ihlala isikhathi eside. Ngaphansi kwethonya lemisebe ye-ultraviolet, ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ukuguguleka kwezinto zamakhemikhali nezinye izinto, isengaqhubeka nokusebenza kwayo.
  - Iyakwazi ukubekezelela izinto zamakhemikhali ezifana ne-asidi ne-alkali, futhi ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile kungaba enhlabathini ene-asidi noma enhlabathini ene-alkali. Isibonelo, ohlelweni lokukhipha amanzi ngaphansi komhlaba lwepaki yezimboni zamakhemikhali, i-geotextile yokukhipha amanzi ingamelana nokuguguleka kwamanzi angcolile amakhemikhali futhi iqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kohlelo lokukhipha amanzi.

Izimo Zohlelo Lokusebenza
- Ubunjiniyela Bemigwaqo Nesitimela
  - Ngokuphathelene nokudonsa amanzi ngaphansi komhlaba, i-geotextile yokudonsa amanzi ingafakwa phansi noma emthambekeni we-subgrade ukuze kukhishwe amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kanye namanzi angaphezulu komgwaqo. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukwehla kwamanzi ezifweni ezibangelwa ukunqwabelana kwamanzi, njengokugcwala kweqhwa kanye nokwehla.
  - Ebunjiniyelweni bokugcina izindonga zemigwaqo nezitimela, i-drainage geotextile ingasetshenziswa njengesendlalelo sesihlungi futhi ifakwe ngemuva kodonga lokugcina amanzi ukuze kukhishwe amanzi ngemuva kodonga futhi kuvinjelwe ukulahleka kwezinhlayiya zomhlabathi, kuqinisekiswe ukuqina kodonga lokugcina amanzi.
- Ubunjiniyela Bokulondolozwa Kwamanzi
  - Ezinhlelweni zokukhipha amanzi zangaphakathi zezakhiwo zamanzi - izakhiwo zokugcina amanzi njengamadamu nama-dikes, i-drainage geotextile ingasetshenziswa ukukhipha amanzi avuzayo ngaphakathi komzimba wedamu noma umzimba we-dike, ukunciphisa ingcindezi yamanzi embotsheni kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwesakhiwo.
  - Emgodini womfula - osebeni lomfula - ubunjiniyela bokuvikela, i-drainage geotextile ingasetshenziswa njenge-drainage kanye nezinto zokuhlunga ukukhipha amanzi aqongelelwe emzimbeni womthambeka futhi kuvinjelwe inhlabathi yomzimba womthambeka ukuthi ingakhukhulwa ngamanzi omfula.
- Ubunjiniyela Bokwakha
  - Ezinhlelweni zokungenisa amanzi nezokuthuthwa kwamanzi ezakhiweni ezingaphansi komhlaba, i-drainage geotextile ingasetshenziswa njengento yokwengeza ekuthuthweni kwamanzi ngokuhlanganiswa nesendlalelo esingangeni manzi. Ingathuthwa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba azungeze ingaphansi komhlaba futhi ivimbele ingaphansi komhlaba ukuthi ingabi manzi futhi igcwale amanzi.
  - Kubunjiniyela bokukhipha amanzi esisekelo, i-geotextile yokukhipha amanzi ingafakwa phansi kwesisekelo ukuze kukhishwe amanzi ngaphansi kwesisekelo futhi kuthuthukiswe indawo yokucindezeleka yesisekelo.
- Ubunjiniyela Bokuthuthwa Kwemfucuza
  - Ezansi nasemagqumeni ezindawo zokulahla udoti, i-geotextile yokudonsa amanzi ingasetshenziswa ukuqoqa nokukhipha amanzi angcolile akhiqizwa ukubola kukadoti. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza kwamanzi angcolile nokuvikela imvelo.
  - Ingasetshenziswa futhi ngokuhlanganiswa nezinye izinto zobuchwepheshe be-geotechnical (njenge-geomembranes) ukwakha uhlelo lokudonsa amanzi oluhlanganisiwe kanye nohlelo oluvimbela ukuvuza kwamanzi ezindaweni zokulahla udoti.

参数(Amapharamitha)	单位 (Amayunithi)	描述 (Incazelo)
渗透系数(I-Permeability Coefficient)	cm/s	衡量排水土工布透水能力的指标，反映水在土工布中流动的难易程度.
等效孔径 (Equivalent Pore size,O₉₅)	mm	表示能通过土工布的颗粒直径的 95% 的最大值，用于评估过滤性能。
拉伸强度 (Amandla Okuqina)	kN/m	土工布在拉伸方向上能够承受的最大拉力，体现其抵抗拉伸破坏的能力.
撕裂强度 (Amandla Enyembezi)	N	土工布抵抗撕裂的能力.
抗穿刺强度 (Ukumelana nokubhoboza)	N	土工布抵抗尖锐物体穿刺的能力。