一. Inqanaba lokulungiselela ukwakhiwa
1. Ukumisela iskimu soyilo
Ngaphambi kokuba kwakhiwe, ngokwemeko yokwenyani yeprojekthi, kufuneka kwenziwe isicwangciso esineenkalo ezintathu esineenkcukacha. Inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo Inkqubo yokubeka. Kubandakanya izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana nokukhethwa kwezinto, ukubalwa komthamo, indawo yokubeka kunye nendlela, njl.njl., ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ingokwesayensi kwaye ifanelekile kwaye iyahlangabezana neemfuno zeprojekthi.
2. Ukucoca indawo kunye nonyango lwesiseko
Coca indawo yokwakha kakuhle ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaba uthe tyaba kwaye awunazo iingcola, ukuze kube lula ukwenza imisebenzi yokwakha elandelayo. Kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukwenza unyango olusisiseko kwindawo apho kubekwe khona uthungelwano lokukhupha amanzi, njengokuthambisa isiseko, ukubeka imiqamelo, njl.njl., ukuqinisekisa ukuba uthungelwano lokukhupha amanzi lufakwe kakuhle kwaye isiphumo sokukhupha amanzi silungile.
Ukuhlolwa nokusikwa kwezinto
Yenza uhlolo lomgangatho kwinethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo enamacala amathathu ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyahlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo. Ngokobungakanani bendawo yokubeka, inethi yokukhupha amanzi iyasikwa ngokuchanekileyo, ukuze kuphuculwe izinga lokusetyenziswa kwezinto kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma.
Enye. Indawo yokuhlawula
Ngokwesicwangciso soyilo, indawo yokubeka izinto yenziwa kwindawo yokwakha. Inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo enamacala amathathu kufuneka ibekwe kwiindlela ezimbini: inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi enqamlezileyo ethe nkqo kwi-axis yedam kunye nenethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi ende ehambelana ne-axis yedam. Ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokumakisha kunokumisela indawo yokubeka kunye nendawo yeenethi zokukhupha amanzi.
Ukubeka imisele kunye nokubeka
1, Ukumba imisele
Ngokwendawo yokubeka, umsele wokubeka inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo enamacala amathathu uyagrunjwa. Ububanzi nobunzulu bomzantsi womsele kufuneka kumiselwe ngokweemfuno zoyilo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufakwa okuzinzileyo kwenethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi kunye nesiphumo sokukhupha amanzi.
2, iinethiwekhi zokuhambisa amanzi
Inethi yokukhupha amanzi edityanisiweyo esikiweyo enemilinganiselo emithathu ibekwa ngokuthe tyaba emseleni ngokweemfuno zoyilo. Inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi ethe tye kufuneka iphume emzimbeni wedama kwaye ibekwe ithe tyaba emthambekeni osezantsi komthambeko wedama, kwaye inxalenye eveziweyo kufuneka icinezelwe ngamatye nezinye izinto. Emva koko beka inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi ethe tyaba ukuqinisekisa ukuba iqhagamshelwe ngokuqinileyo nenethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi ethe tyaba ukuze yenze inkqubo yokukhupha amanzi esebenzayo.
五. Uqhagamshelo kunye nokulungiswa
Iinethiwekhi zokukhupha amanzi kufuneka ziqhagamshelwe omnye komnye ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhupha amanzi. Indlela yokudibanisa ingasebenzisa iibhakethi zenylon, izihlanganisi ezikhethekileyo okanye ukuwelda ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelo oluqinileyo kunye nokutywinwa okuhle. Sebenzisa nezinto zokubopha (ezifana namatye, iingxowa zesanti, njl.njl.) ukuze ulungise inethi yokukhupha amanzi emhlabeni ukuze ungayishukumi okanye iguquguquke.
Ukuzalisa i-backfilling kunye nokuxinana
Gcwalisa umnatha wokukhupha amanzi ngokulinganayo ngomhlaba okanye ngesanti. Kuphephe ukungqubana okanye ukonakalisa umnatha wokukhupha amanzi xa ugcwalisa ngamanzi. Sebenzisa iirola ezingcangcazelayo okanye ezinye izixhobo zokuxinana ukuze ucinezele umhlaba ozalisa amanzi ngokweeleya, kwaye ubukhulu bomhlaba ozalisa amanzi ngokweeleya nganye akufuneki bube bukhulu kakhulu ukuqinisekisa isiphumo sokuxinana. Ukuxinana akunakuphucula kuphela ukuxinana kunye nokuzinza komhlaba ozalisa amanzi ngokweeleya, kodwa kunokunceda ukusebenza komnatha wokukhupha amanzi ngokweeleya.
七. Ukukhupha udaka kunye nokwamkelwa
Kwiiprojekthi ezithile ezifana nokwakhiwa kwedama elimanzi, kufuneka kwenziwe i-grouting emva kokuba inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi ibekwe. Xa kukhutshwa udaka, ukuhamba kunye nesantya sodaka kufuneka kulawulwe ukuze kuthintelwe ukonakala kwenethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi. Emva kokuba ulwakhiwo lugqityiwe, yonke indawo yokwakha kufuneka ihlolwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye yamkelwe, kubandakanya umgangatho wokubeka inethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi, unyango oludibeneyo, isiphumo sokuxinana kwe-backfill, njl.njl., ukuqinisekisa ukuba iprojekthi iyahlangabezana neemfuno zocwangciso lokuqala, uyilo kunye neemfuno ezisemgangathweni.
Kuyabonakala koku kungasentla ukuba ulandelelwano lolwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi yokukhupha amanzi edibeneyo enamacala amathathu luyinkimbinkimbi kwaye lubuthathaka, kwaye kufuneka lusebenze ngokuhambelana neemfuno zoyilo kunye neenkcukacha zobugcisa.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-01-2025
