Njengohlobo olusha lwezinto ezihlanganisiwe eziguquguqukayo, omata abasebenzisa ukhonkolo basetshenziswa kabanzi—ukulungiswa komfula, ukuvikelwa komgwaqo, ukwakheka kwemisele, kanye namaphrojekthi okuvuselela imayini—ngenxa yezinzuzo zabo eziyingqayizivele: “ukulungiswa okwenziwa ngamanzi, ukufakwa okusheshayo, kanye nokungangenwa amanzi isikhathi eside.” Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu komkhiqizo, iShandong Hongyue Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd. isebenzise iminyaka eminingi yokukhiqiza kanye nesipiliyoni sobunjiniyela esisebenzayo ukuhlanganisa ngokuhlelekile isethi yamasu okusetshenziswa ajwayelekile omata abasebenzisa ukhonkolo. Lezi ziqondiso zigxila ezigabeni ezine eziyinhloko—ukulungiswa okuqondile kwe-subgrade, ukubeka nokunamathisela, ukwenziwa kwamanzi okwenziwa ngamanzi, kanye nokugcinwa ngemva kokufakwa—ngaleyo ndlela kusebenza njengesivikelo esinamandla sekhwalithi yephrojekthi iyonke.
I. Ukulungiswa Kwe-Subgrade: Izinga, Iqinile, Futhi Ayinazo Izinto Ezibukhali Nezingcola
Ngaphambi kokwakha, indawo yokusebenza kumele ilinganiswe kahle. Susa ngokuphelele ukhula, izimpande zezihlahla, amatshe abukhali, kanye nenhlabathi ekhululekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yomhlabathi ayinazo izimbobo noma izikhala. Izisekelo ezibuthakathaka zidinga ukuqina noma ukuqinisa kusetshenziswa ingxube yenhlabathi ye-lime (ngokuvamile isilinganiso esingu-3:7); lapho kudingeka khona, kufanele kufakwe ungqimba lwe-geotextile cushion. Imisele kanye nemithambeka kumele kulinganiswe ukuze kufane ne-gradient eklanyelwe; isilinganiso se-slope esiphakathi kuka-1:1.5 no-1:3 siyanconywa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi ageleza kahle kanye nokuqina kwesisekelo. Ukufakwa ngqo phezu kwemfucumfucu ebukhali noma umhlabathi ongalingani akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuvimbela ukubhoboza kwezinto zomathi noma ukusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka okungalingani.
II. Ukusika Nokubeka: Ukugoqa Okubushelelezi Nokugoqa Okujwayelekile
Ukusika Okunembile: Sika izinto ngokwezilinganiso zasendaweni, uvumele umkhawulo wokuncipha ongu-5%, bese ugcina ububanzi obengeziwe obungu-10-20 cm obuhambisanayo emithungweni. Ukusika kufanele kwenziwe ngenkathi izinto zomile, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imiphetho yokusika iqondile futhi ayinazo izimbobo.
Indlela Yokubeka: Yelula izinto phansi emthambekeni, uqhubeke kusukela phezulu kuya phansi. Qinisekisa ukuthi ubuso bomathi buhlala bunwetshiwe ngokwemvelo—bungenamibimbi noma imibimbi—futhi ugweme ukwelula okunamandla. Emisebenzini yomfula nemisele, izinto kumele zibekwe ngendlela yokugeleza kwamanzi, ingxenye ephezulu igoqene futhi icindezele phansi engxenyeni engezansi komfula.
III. Ukwelapha Okuqhutshwa Ngamanzi: Ukumanzisa Okwanele, Okufanayo, kanye Nesayensi
Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile esinquma amandla okugcina ezinto:
Izinga Elijwayelekile Lomthamo Wamanzi: Faka okungenani amakhilogremu angu-9 amanzi ahlanzekile ngemitha yesikwele (umata owugqinsi oluyi-10 mm).
Indlela Yokusebenzisa: Sebenzisa uhlelo lokufafaza olunomfutho ophansi ukuze ufake amanzi ngokulinganayo, usebenza kusukela emaphethelweni uye enkabeni yomatilasi. Amajethi aqondile anomfutho ophezulu awavunyelwe ngokuphelele. Isikhathi Sokuphola: Ifinyelela u-80% wamandla aphelele zingakapheli amahora angama-24 ekamelweni lokushisa; iphole ngokuphelele ngemva kwamahora angama-72.
Izidingo Zamanzi: Kumelwe kusetshenziswe amanzi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile; amanzi angcolile noma amanzi anosawoti azolimaza ikhwalithi yokubola.
IV. Ukwelapha Nokunakekela: Gcina Izinga Lokushisa Nomswakama; Gwema Ngokuqinile Ukuphazamiseka
Isivikelo Sokuqala: Ezinsukwini eziyi-7 ngemva kokupholisa, vimbela ngokuqinile ukuhamba ngezinyawo, umthwalo osindayo, noma ukuchayeka emanzini agelezayo.
Ukulawula Izinga Lokushisa Nomswakama:
Izinga Lokushisa Eliphezulu (>30°C): Khulisa imvamisa yokufafaza ngamanzi bese umboza ngezinto zomthunzi ukuze uvimbele ukoma nokuqhekeka.
Izinga Lokushisa Eliphansi (≤5°C): Mboza ngefilimu yokuvikela ukushisa ukuze uvimbele ukubanda kanye nokwehluleka kwezinto.
Ukulungiswa Komonakalo: Uma kutholakala izimbobo noma imigodi, zilungise ngokushesha usebenzisa i-patch eyenziwe ngento efanayo ehlanganiswe ne-sealant.
V. Imikhawulo Nezixwayiso Ezibalulekile
Ungenzi umsebenzi wokwakha ngaphandle ngesikhathi sezulu esinemvula; ukuchayeka emanzini ngaphambi kokuba kuqedwe ukuqiniswa kuzoholela ekulimaleni kwezinto.
Qinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamanzi okufanayo; amanzi anganele ezindaweni eziseduze kuzoholela ekuqineni okungaphelele (ingxenye "engavuthiwe") kanye namandla anciphile.
Ungagobi izinto uma zisesimweni esomile, ngoba lokhu kungabangela kalula ukuphuka kwefayibha yangaphakathi.
“Ngezingubo zokulala zesamente, isimiso sithi ‘ikhwalithi yezinto zokwakha engu-30%, ukwakhiwa okufanele okungu-70%.’ Ukunamathela ezinqubweni ezijwayelekile kuyisiqinisekiso sokugcina sokuqina kwesikhathi eside,” kusho uMqondisi Wezobuchwepheshe eShandong Hongyue Environmental Technology. Le nkampani izibophezele ekuhlinzekeni insizakalo ephelele, kusukela ekuhlinzekweni kwezinto zokwakha kanye nesiqondiso sobuchwepheshe kuya ezinhlelweni zokwakha ezinemininingwane—ukuze kube lula ukwenziwa ngempumelelo nangokusezingeni eliphezulu kwamaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene obunjiniyela.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-16-2026
