Njengohlobo olutsha lwezinto ezidityanisiweyo eziguquguqukayo, iimathi eziqinisa isamente ziyasetyenziswa ngokubanzi—ukulungiswa komlambo, ukukhuselwa kwendlela, ukufakelwa kwemisele, kunye neeprojekthi zokubuyiselwa kwemigodi—ngenxa yeengenelo zazo ezikhethekileyo: “ukulungiswa kwamanzi, ukufakwa ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokungangeni kwamanzi ixesha elide.” Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kwemveliso, iShandong Hongyue Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd. isebenzise iminyaka emininzi yokuvelisa kunye namava obunjineli ukuze iqokelele ngokucwangcisiweyo iseti yeendlela ezimiselweyo zokusetyenziswa kweemathi eziqinisa isamente. Ezi zikhokelo zigxila kumanqanaba amane aphambili—ukulungiswa kwe-subgrade ngokuchanekileyo, ukubeka kunye nokubambelela, ukwenziwa kwamanzi, kunye nokugcinwa emva kokufakwa—ngaloo ndlela kusebenza njengokhuseleko oluqinileyo lomgangatho weprojekthi iyonke.
I. Ukulungiswa kwe-subgrade: Inqanaba, Iqinile, kwaye Ayinazo Izinto Ezibukhali kunye Nenkunkuma
Ngaphambi kokwakha, umphezulu wokusebenza kufuneka ulinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo. Susa ngokupheleleyo lonke ukhula, iingcambu zemithi, amatye abukhali, kunye nomhlaba okhululekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umphezulu womhlaba awunazo naziphi na iiprotrusion okanye imingxuma. Iziseko ezibuthathaka zifuna ukuxinana okanye ukuqinisa kusetyenziswa umxube welayisi nomhlaba (ngesiqhelo umlinganiselo we-3:7); apho kuyimfuneko, kufuneka kufakwe umaleko we-geotextile cushion. Imisele kunye nethambeka kufuneka zilinganiswe ukuze zihambelane ne-gradient eyilwe; umlinganiselo wethambeka phakathi kwe-1:1.5 kunye ne-1:3 uyacetyiswa ukuqinisekisa ukutsalwa kwamanzi ngokufanelekileyo kunye nozinzo lwesiseko. Ukufakwa ngokuthe ngqo phezu kwenkunkuma ebukhali okanye umhlaba ongalinganiyo akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukuthintela ukubhobozwa kwezinto ze-mat okanye ukusasazwa koxinzelelo olungalinganiyo.
II. Ukusika nokubeka: Ukuvuleka okuLungeleleneyo kunye nokuGquma okuFanelekileyo
Ukusika ngokuchanekileyo: Sika izinto ngokwemilinganiselo yazo, uvumele umda wokuncipha we-5%, kwaye ugcine ububanzi obungaphezulu be-10-20 cm kwiindawo ezidityanisiweyo. Ukusika kufuneka kwenziwe ngelixa izinto zomile, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imiphetho yazo ithe tye kwaye ayinazo iziqwenga.
Isikhokelo Sokubeka: Solula izinto ezikwithambeka, uqhube ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi. Qinisekisa ukuba umphezulu we-mat uhlala unwebekile ngokwendalo—ungenamibimbi okanye imibimbi—kwaye uphephe ukunwebeka ngamandla. Kwimisebenzi yomlambo kunye nemisele, izinto ezifunekayo mazibekwe kwicala lokuhamba kwamanzi, kunye necandelo elingasentla elijikelezileyo kwaye licinezelwe phantsi kwicandelo elisezantsi.
III. Unyango oluSebenzisa Amanzi: Unyango olwaneleyo, olufanayo, nolweSayensi
Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi linyathelo elibalulekileyo elichaza amandla okugqibela esixhobo:
Umgangatho woMthamo waManzi: Faka amanzi acocekileyo angaphantsi kwe-9 kg kwimitha yesikwere (kwimathi enobukhulu obuyi-10 mm).
Indlela Yokusebenzisa: Sebenzisa inkqubo yokutshiza enoxinzelelo oluphantsi ukuze ufake amanzi ngokulinganayo, usebenza ukusuka emaphethelweni ukuya embindini we-mat. Iijethi ezithe ngqo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu azivumelekanga ngokungqongqo. Ixesha Lokunyanga: Ifumana amandla apheleleyo angama-80% kwiiyure ezingama-24 kubushushu begumbi; iphiliswe ngokupheleleyo emva kweeyure ezingama-72.
Iimfuneko Zamanzi: Kufuneka kusetyenziswe amanzi acocekileyo nacocekileyo; amanzi amdaka okanye amanzi anetyuwa aya kuphazamisa umgangatho wokunyibilika.
IV. Ukulungisa nokulungisa: Gcina ubushushu kunye nomswakama; Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo ukuphazamiseka
Ukhuseleko Lokuqala: Kwiintsuku ezisi-7 emva kokunyanga, thintela ngokungqongqo ukuhamba ngeenyawo, umthwalo onzima, okanye ukuvezwa emanzini angxamileyo.
Ulawulo lobushushu kunye nokufuma:
Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu (>30°C): Yandisa ukutshiza ngamanzi rhoqo uze ugqume ngezinto zomthunzi ukuze uthintele ukoma nokuqhekeka.
Amaqondo obushushu aphantsi (≤5°C): Gquma ngefilimu yokukhusela ubushushu ukuze uthintele ukubanda kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezinto.
Ukulungiswa Komonakalo: Ukuba kufunyenwe iindawo ezingenanto okanye imingxunya, yilungise ngoko nangoko usebenzisa ipatch eyenziwe ngento efanayo edityaniswe ne-sealant.
V. Izithintelo ezibalulekileyo kunye nezilumkiso
Musa ukwenza umsebenzi wokwakha ngaphandle xa imvula inetha; ukuvezwa emanzini ngaphambi kokuba kugqitywe ukucocwa kuya kubangela ukuba izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zingasebenzi kakuhle.
Qinisekisa ukuba amanzi asasazwa ngokulinganayo; amanzi aneleyo kwiindawo ezikufutshane kuya kubangela ukuba amanzi angapheleli (umbindi "ongakrwada") kwaye amandla angasebenzi kakuhle.
Musa ukugoba loo nto xa ikwimeko yokomisa, kuba oku kunokubangela ukuba ifayibha yangaphakathi iqhekeke ngokulula.
“Kwiingubo zesamente, umgaqo uthi ‘umgangatho wezinto eziphathekayo ezingama-30%, ulwakhiwo olufanelekileyo ngama-70%.’ Ukunamathela kwiinkqubo ezimiselweyo sisiqinisekiso sokuqina kwexesha elide,” utshilo uMlawuli woBugcisa kwiShandong Hongyue Environmental Technology. Le nkampani izibophelele ekuboneleleni ngenkonzo epheleleyo, ukususela ekunikezelweni kwezinto kunye nesikhokelo sobugcisa ukuya kwizicwangciso zokwakha ezineenkcukacha—ukuze kube lula ukwenziwa kweeprojekthi ezahlukeneyo zobunjineli ngokufanelekileyo nangomgangatho ophezulu.
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-16-2026
