Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amablanketi ekhonkrithi asetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni yobunjiniyela—njengokuvikelwa kwe-hydraulic slope, ukuphathwa kwemisele yomfula, ukuqinisa imigwaqo, kanye nokulawulwa kokuvuza kwamanzi kwemvelo—ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo zokufakwa okulula, ukungenwa kwamanzi okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuqina, kanye nokusebenza kahle kakhulu. Njengebhizinisi elihamba phambili embonini ye-geosynthetics yaseShayina, iShandong Hongyue Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd. isebenzise umkhuba wobunjiniyela obanzi kanye nolwazi lobuchwepheshe lwe-R&D ukuze ikhiphe ngokusemthethweni umhlahlandlela ophelele mayelana nezinyathelo zokuqapha zokusebenzisa amablanketi ekhonkrithi kuyo yonke inqubo. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlose ukusiza amayunithi okwakha ekwenzeni imisebenzi yokwakha yesayensi kanye nejwayelekile, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yephrojekthi kanye nobude besikhathi senkonzo.
I. Ukugcinwa Nokuthuthwa: Vikela Ebumnyameni Nasekulimaleni—Ukuvikela “Umzila Wokuphila” Wezinto Ezisetshenziswayo
Ithimba lobuchwepheshe eHongyue Environmental ligcizelela ukuthi izingubo zokulala zekhonkrithi ziyamanzi ngokushesha lapho zithinta amanzi; ngakho-ke, izinto ezibalulekile ngesikhathi sokugcina nezokuthutha ukuvimbela ukuvezwa komswakama kanye nomonakalo ongokwenyama. Izinto kumele zigcinwe endaweni eyomile, enomoya omuhle, futhi engangenisi imvula ngaphakathi, noma endaweni yangaphandle embozwe kahle ngama-tarpaulin. Ukuvezwa emvuleni noma emanzini akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuvimbela ukubola ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokwehluleka kwezinto okulandelayo. Ngesikhathi sokuphathwa, izinto kumele ziphakanyiswe futhi zibekwe ngobumnene; ukuhudula, ukugoba, noma ukubhoboza akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele, futhi izinto kufanele zigcinwe kude nezinto ezibukhali, eziqinile kanye nezinto ezibolayo ezine-asidi noma i-alkaline. Lapho ubeka, qiniseka ukuthi izinqwaba ziqondile futhi ungazibeki phezulu kakhulu, ukuvimbela isisindo ekuwohlozeni ingubo noma ekulimazeni isakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi.
II. Ukulungiswa Kwe-subgrade: Qinisekisa Ukuthi I-Flat kanye ne-Cycle—Ukuqinisa “Isisekelo” Sokwakha
Ukulungiswa kwe-subgrade kuyisihluthulelo sokuqina kwesikhathi eside nokuqina kwezingubo zekhonkrithi. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukwakhiwa, indawo kumele isuswe ngokuphelele amatshe ayigugu, izimpande zezihlahla, ukhula, nanoma yikuphi ukungcola okubukhali ukuvimbela ukubhoboza kwezinto zengubo. I-subgrade kumele ibe yithafa, iqine, futhi ingabi nezendlalelo zomhlabathi ezikhululekile; ezindaweni ezithambekile, kunconywa ukuthi i-gradient ilawulwe ngaphakathi kwebanga eli-1:1.5 kuya ku-1:3, ngokubekezelela ukuthafa okungengaphezu kuka-±15 mm ngaphezu kobubanzi bamamitha ama-2. Inhlabathi ethambile noma inhlabathi enodaka idinga ukuqina okuphelele noma ukufakwa kwesendlalelo setshe elichotshoziwe elilinganisiwe; ezindaweni ezinamanzi angaphansi komhlaba aphezulu, kufanele kufakwe imisele yamanzi engaboni noma izendlalelo zokudonsa amanzi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukunqwabelana kwamanzi ku-subgrade ukuthi kungalimazi ikhwalithi yenqubo yokulungisa ingubo yekhonkrithi.
III. Ukufakwa: Ukweqana Okujwayelekile—Ukulawula Ngokuqinile “Amaphuzu Abuthakathaka” Angaba Khona Ekulawuleni Ukuvuza Kwezimbobo
Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, ingubo yekhonkrithi kumele ivunyelwe ukuthi ivuleke ngokwemvelo futhi ilale eduze, ixhumene ngokuqinile ne-subgrade. Ukudonsa, ukusonta, noma ukushiya izingxenye zilenga ngaphezu komhlabathi akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele; umgomo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo ebushelelezi, efanayo ayinamibimbi noma izikhala ezingenalutho. Ukwelashwa Okugqagqene Njengengqikithi Yokungaphephi: Ezimweni ezihilela ukugeleza kwamanzi—njengemiphetho yemifula nemisele yamanzi—ingxenye ephezulu yomfula *kumele* igqagqene nengxenye engezansi komfula. Ububanzi bokugqagqana ohlangothini kumele bube ngu-≥ 15 cm, kanye nobubanzi bokugqagqana obude bube ngu-≥ 20 cm. Wonke amajoyinti okugqagqana kumele ahlanganiswe nge-roller ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izikhala noma amabhamuza omoya. Ukubambelela kufezwa kusetshenziswa izikhonkwane ze-anchor ezimise okwe-U; isikhala esijwayelekile singu-1.0–1.5 m, kodwa lokhu kuqina kumele kwandiswe ku-≤ 0.5 m endaweni engenhla yomthambeka, uzwane lomthambeka, amakhona, kanye namajoyinti okugqagqana. Emajoyintini aphakeme (> 25°), imisele eyengeziwe ye-anchor kumele imbiwe; Le misele idinga ukujula kokungcwaba okungu-≥ 30 cm futhi kumele igcwaliswe emuva futhi iqiniswe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushelela noma ukuphakama komphetho.
IV. Ukwelapha: Ukunisela Ngokufana Ukuze Kubhekane “Nephuzu Elibalulekile” Lokuthuthukiswa Kwamandla
Ukuhlanza amanzi kuyisigaba esibalulekile ekuguqulweni kwengubo yesimende kusuka esimweni esiguquguqukayo kuya kwesokuqina. Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yamanzi enomfutho ophezulu yokufafaza ngokuqondile akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele; esikhundleni salokho, ukufiphaza ngomfutho ophansi noma ukunamathisela ikhanda leshawa kumele kusetshenziswe ukuqinisekisa ukuchelela okufanayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zigcwele kahle ngaphandle kokushiya amabala omile noma ukubangela ukuqongelela kwamanzi. Amanzi asetshenziswayo kumele ahlanzeke; amanzi angcolile aqukethe uwoyela, amafutha, ama-asidi, noma ama-alkali akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele. Ukuchelela kumele kwenziwe ngosuku olufanayo lapho izinto zibekwe khona ukuze kuvinjelwe ukoma ngaphambi kwesikhathi nokuqina ubusuku bonke. Emazingeni okushisa aseduze (cishe ama-20°C), ukusetha kokuqala kuvame ukwenzeka zingakapheli amahora angu-1-2, futhi izinto zifinyelela amandla azo okuqala zingakapheli amahora angu-24.
V. Ukugcinwa: Ukuvikelwa Okucophelelayo Kokwandisa "Isikhathi Sokuphila" Sephrojekthi
Ukuphazamiseka akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokupholisa: Ukuhamba ngezinyawo akuvunyelwe phakathi kwamahora angu-24 okuqala, futhi ukucindezela okukhulu, ukushayisana, noma ukuhudula akuvunyelwe phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-7 zokuqala ukuvimbela umonakalo wesakhiwo. Ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala, amanzi kufanele afafazwe izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngosuku ukuze kulondolozwe amazinga omswakama; ezimweni zokushisa okuphezulu (> 30°C), imvamisa yokunisela kufanele yande, futhi indawo kufanele imbozwe ukuze kube nomthunzi ngezikhathi zokuchayeka elangeni elinamandla. Ezimweni zokushisa okuphansi (< 5°C), kudingeka izindlela zokuvikela ukushisa kanye nokuvikela iqhwa. Impilo yenkonzo eklanyelwe yale nto idlula iminyaka eyi-10; ukuze kwandiswe umjikelezo wayo wenkonzo, kunconywa ukufaka isembozo esisha se-slurry yesamente ebusweni njalo eminyakeni engu-2-3.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-13-2026
